Digestive System Flashcards
Entry point of food and water towards the gastrointestinal canal
Initial digestion of carbohydrates
Mouth
Enyzme (Amylase)
Masticate food materials in the mouth into smaller pieces
Teeth
Moves the food materials in the mouth for better facilitation of mastication; serves as the main organ for tasting the food ingested
Tongue
Secretes saliva which contains an enzyme
Salivary glands
Enzyme in the salivary glands that catalyzes primary carbohydrate digestion
salivary amylase or ptyalin
Serves as the passageway of both food and air
Pharynx
Covers the trachea when swallowing food to prevent it from entering the respiratory tract
Epiglottis
Connects the mouth to the cardiac end of the stomach; passageway of bolus to get to the stomach via peristalsis
Esophagus
Further mechanical and chemical digestion of food materials ingested; site of primary fat digestion
Stomach
Site of primary lipid digestion
Small Intestine
Absorbs nutrients from the stomach through small finger-like projection
Microbilli
Parts of small intestines
Duodenum
Jejenum
Ileum
Longest portion of the small intestine
Illeum
Absorption fo water not absorbed in the small intestine; serves temporary storage of undigested materials
Large Intestine
Serves as the exit point of the fecal materials from the body
Rectum
Masticated food materials that passes through the esophagus
Bolus
Mechanically and chemically digested food materials from the stomach acted upon by the acidic substances in it.
It enters the duodenum of the small intestine for completion of digestion.
Chyme
Secretion that protects the walls of the stomach against the acidic environment in it; activated into mucus when reacted with water
Secretion : Mucin
Cell Type : Mucin neck cell
Secretion that activates pepsinogen into pepsin; maintains the acidity of the stomach
Secretion: HCl
Cell Type: Parietal cells
Types of Chief cells
Pepsinogen
Rennin
Lipase
Cell types for secretion
Mucin Neck cell
Parietal cells
Chief cells
Secretion that reacts with HCl to be activated into pepsin and carry out chemical digestion in the stomach
Pepsinogen
Secretion that digest milk into young mammals
Rennin
Secretion that digest in the stomach
Lipase
Protects the stomach walls only if it has been activated into mucus
Mucin
Voice box
Larynx
Increase of surface area for digestion in the Small intestine
Villi
Threshold for large intestine bowel movement
50 mmhg
G cell -> GASTRIN -> stimulates_______ to secrete ___
G cell -> GASTRIN -> stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCl
Chief cells ->_______
Pepsinogen
___cleaves_______to its Active for, _____ its needed for protein digestion
HCl cleaves pepsinogen to its Active for, pepsin its needed for protein digestion
