Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOH111 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Name FOUR phases of an Action Potential

A
  • stimulus
  • depolarising
  • repolarising
  • after-hyperpolarising
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the two refractory periods of an Action Potential in order of which occurs first.

A
  • absolute

* relative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the action of the stimulus (in action potential).

A

mechanical/chemical stimulus activates ligand-gated channels which results in a depolarising graded potential (membrane reaches threshold -55mV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the action of the depolarising phase (in action potential).

A
  • voltage-gated Na+ channels open and Na+ rushes into cell

* raises membrane potential up to +30mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the action of the repolarising phase (in action potential).

A
  • voltage-gated Na+ channels inactivating
  • voltage-gated K+ flows out
  • membrane potential returns to resting potential (-70mV)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the action of the after-hyperpolarising phase (in action potential).

A
  • voltage-gated K+ channels are open
  • voltage-gated Na+ channels are in resting phase
  • K+ continues to leave cell, membrane potential becomes more neg. -90mV.
  • voltage-gated K+ channels close, membrane potential returns to resting state -70mV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 5 neurotransmitters

A
  • dopamine
  • epinephrine
  • norepinephrine
  • serotonin
  • Glutamate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name one associated function of DOPAMINE

A

pleasure and addiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name one associated function of EPINEPHRINE

A

increases blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name one associated function of NOREPINEPHRINE

A

regulates mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name one associated function of SEROTONIN

A

appetite regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name one associated function of GLUTAMATE

A

learning and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Do attachment to the following neurotransmitters result in excitory or inhibitory postsynaptic potential?

  1. dopamine
  2. epinephrine
  3. norepinephrine
  4. serotonin
  5. glutamate
A
  1. dopamine = E
  2. epinephrine = E and I
  3. norepinephrine = E and I
  4. serotonin - I
  5. glutamate = E
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define graded potential

A

Small deviations from resting membrane potential of -70mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe both hyperpolarising and depolarising graded potential by describing the polarity of the membrane and the change in the charge.

A
  • Hyperpolarising – inside cell becomes more positive

* Depolarising – inside cell becomes more negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List the 2 types of receptors that neurotransmitters attach to which produces either an EPSP or IPSP

A
  • Ionotropic

* metabotropic

17
Q

Describe the criteria by which these receptors (ionotropic and metabotropic) are classified.

A

By whether the binding site and ion channel are components of the same protein

18
Q

Describe an IONOTROPIC receptor

A

binding site and ion channel on the same protein

eg Ligand-gated ion channels.

19
Q

Describe METABOTROPIC

A

binding site and ion channel on different proteins

eg AcH binds to binding site, activates the G-protein, activates ion channel.

20
Q

List the 2 classes of sensory modalities.

A
  • special senses

* general senses

21
Q

Name and describe the 4 events that typically occur for a sensation to arise.

A
  1. Stimulation of the sensory receptor
  2. Transduction of the stimulus
  3. Generation of the nerve impulse
  4. integration of sensory input
22
Q

List 5 different types of sensory receptors according to the type of stimulus that is detected.

A
  1. Mechanoreceptor
  2. Thermoreceptor
  3. Nocireceptor
  4. Photoreceptor
  5. Chemoreceptor
23
Q

What type of stimuli does the following receptor detect?

* Mechanoreceptor

A

touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception, hearing, equilibrium, monitor stretching of blood vessels and internal organs

24
Q

What type of stimuli does the following receptor detect?

* Thermoreceptor

A

changes in temp

25
Q

What type of stimuli does the following receptor detect?

* Nocireceptor

A

respond to painful stimuli resulting from physical or chemical damage to tissue

26
Q

What type of stimuli does the following receptor detect?

* Photoreceptor

A

detects light

27
Q

What type of stimuli does the following receptor detect?

* Chemoreceptor

A

detects chemicals in the mouth, nose and body fluids

BIOH111 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions