Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nervous system?

A

Responds the fastest and is brought about by impulses traveling along nerves (reflexes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Endocrine system?

A

Is slower and is brought about by chemicals called hormones which are carried by blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are hormones ?

A

Made in one part, used in another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 functions of nervous system?

A

Sensory
Integrative
Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensory function?

A

Sensory receptors detect changes in external and internal environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Integrative function?

A

The CNS receives this info and decides which effectors must react

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Motor function?

A

Effectors (muscles and glands) bring about appropriate responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Central nervous system?

A

Brain (cranial nerves) and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Peripheral nervous system?

A

Cranial nerves, ganglia outside CNS, spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the process of a stimulus?

A
  1. Receptors respond to stimuli (sensory)
  2. CNS processes and co ordinates the sensory output (integrative)
  3. Effectors makes the correct response (motor)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 protections of the CNS (brain):

A
  1. Meninges (dura mater, arachnoid, pra mater)
  2. Skull and vertebrae (prevent jarring)
  3. Cerebro-spinal fluid (cushion, shock absorber)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cerebrum

A 
Largest of cerebral hemispheres(L=creative; R=logical)
Folds= gyri 
Grooves= sulci 
4 cavities (ventricles)= filled with cerebro spinal fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of sulci?

A

Enlarge surface area for brain cells in cranial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the cerebral hemispheres divided by?

Function?

A

Myelinated nerve fibers

Form corpus collosum which provides communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cerebellum

A

Upper part of brain stem
2 cerebullar hemispheres
Info from: motor region, eyes, organs of balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lobe effects

A 
Motor= voluntary movements 
Sensory= sense organs 
Association= higher mental acts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Functions of cerebellum?

3

A

Coordinate voluntary movement(smooth, controlled)
Control muscle tone (tension)
Maintain posture and balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why do toddlers fall over?

A

Cerebellum not fully developed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hypothalamus

A 
Control center ( master gland)
Part of brain and endocrine system 
Endocrine gland 
Receives info via nerve impulses
20
Q

Functions of hypothalamus?

4

A

Body temp
Control autonomic system to maintain homeostasis
Control pituitary gland (secrete hormones)
Emotional response and behavior

21
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Water balance
Food intake
Sleep-wake cycles

22
Q

Medulla oblangata

A

Lowest part
Path for impulses (fibers cross: L controls R vice versa)
Reflex center (therefore cant live without it)
Control important invl. Movement ps (sneezing, coughing…)

23
Q

Spinal cord definition?

Function?

A

Elongated rod of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla though the magnum foramen
Path for brain, sense organs and effectors
Primitive reflex actions (patella reflex, pupil dilation)

24
Q

Spinal cord matters and there contents?

A

Grey matter: nerve cell bodies, dendrites, synapses (middle)

White matter: axons with myelin sheaths (info carried)(outer)

25
Q

PNS function and what it’s made up of?

A

Sensory (collects info)
Motor (transmits impulses)
Nerves and ganglia

26
Q

Somatic- function and where it send impulses to?

A

Controls voluntary movement

Skeletal muscles

27
Q

Autonomic- function where it send impulses to?

A

Controls involuntary movement & glands

Cardiac and smooth muscles and glands

28
Q

Two types of autonomic?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

29
Q

Function of sympathetic?

A

Leave CNS from lumbar and thoracic regions

Adrenalin and fight or flight

30
Q

Function of parasympathetic?

A

Leave CNS from brain and spine

Allows body to rest and digest. Recover

31
Q

How many nerves link CNS and PNS

A

43 pairs

32
Q

Where is the place or those nerves .

A

12 pairs : cranial nerves

31 pairs : spinal nerves

33
Q

Function on Schwann cells

A

Produce myelin

34
Q

Function of nodes of ranvier?

A

Allow impulses to jump to nodes

35
Q

Function of myelin sheath?

A

Made from neuroglia

Insulates and speeds up

36
Q

Functions of dendrites?

A

White matter

Pick up message

37
Q

What is most of the metabolic activity?

A

Generate ATP
Protein synthesis
Integration

38
Q

Amount axons and their function?

A

Carry impulse to synapse s

1 axon per neuron

39
Q

Function of sensory/afferent neuron and polarity?

A

Transports impulse from receptor(sense organ) to CNS

Unipolar

40
Q

Function and polarity of inter neuron?

A

Transports impulse from sensory organ to motor neuron (connector)
Multi/bi polar

41
Q

Function and polarity of motor neuron?

A

Transports impulse to receptor, from CNS to effector

Multipolar

42
Q

Step 1 of nerve impulse:

A

RESTING POTENTIAL
resting state: not stimulated and polarized (out=+;in=-)
Resting potential: difference in charge across membrane

43
Q

Step 2 of nerve impulse:

A

ACTIVE POTENTIAL
Depolarization: neuron stimulated, Charges are reversed (out=-; in=+)
Threshold potential:complete depolarization, electrical activity Bursts
All or nothing response: is threshold potential isn’t reached, no nerve impulse

44
Q

Step 3 of nerve impulse :

A

REFRACTORY POTENTIAL

Repolarisation: charges go back to normal

45
Q

What gives neurons their special conducting properties?

A

The difference in permeability to sodium and potassium ions

46
Q

Function of the reflex arc?

A

Enables a quick response where higher brain centers not involved
Safety mechanism to protect body from danger

47
Q

What effects reflex reaction time?

A

Alcohol slows it down

Determines if CNS is in a good state

Biology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions