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Module 1 Anatomy > Nervous system > Flashcards

Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

how many spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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2
Q

what are the 2 parts of the nervous system?

A

Central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

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3
Q

what are the components of the CNS?

A

Spinal cord

brain

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4
Q

what is the purpose of the peripheral nervous system?

A

to connect the CNS to the organs/limbs/skin

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5
Q

name the 2 parts of the peripheral system?

A

Somatic nervous

autonomic nervous systems

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6
Q

how many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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7
Q

name 5 things the are considered to be controlled by autonomic nerves

A

organs/smooth mucle/ glands

visceral afferent

sympathetic nerves

parasympathetic nerves

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8
Q

Lable the picture with:

dendrites

nerve cell body

myelin sheath

ganglion

axon

A
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9
Q

what is special about a named nerve?

A

it contains multiple nerve fibres

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10
Q

a single nerve fiber can…

A

only conduct 1 of the action potentials regarding the different functions

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11
Q

what is special about a mixed nerve

A

it can carry multiple fibres to any region of the body… therefore detecting many different signals.

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12
Q

name the 6 different nerve functions

A
  1. Somatic sensory functions- tells CNS about pain in the body wall.
  2. Somatic motor function- skeletal muscle contraction
  3. Special sensory function- tells brain about sensation
  4. Visceral afferent function- tells CNS about pain from organ
  5. Sympathetic function- cardiac/smooth muscle contraction or gland secretion
  6. Parasympathetic function- cardiac/smooth muscle contraction or gland secretion
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13
Q

Lable the diagram

dendrites

nerve cell body

axon

A
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14
Q

label the diagram

parietal

temporal

occipital

frontal

A
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15
Q

name the 2 components that form the brain

A

gyrus and sulcus

cerebral neocortex (cortex) divided into for lobes

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16
Q

name the 4 lobes that the cerebral neocortex is divided into

A

frontal lobe

temporal lobe

parietal lobe

occipital lobe

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17
Q

what separates the cerebrum

A

fissure

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18
Q

label the diagram:

cerebellum

brain stem

spinal cord

A
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19
Q

what are the functions of the following:

  1. frontal lobe
  2. parietal lobe
  3. temporal lobe
  4. occipital lobe
  5. cerebellum
A
  1. motor/ impulse control/ judgment
  2. visual memory/ processing sensory input
  3. proprioception/ sensory information intergration
  4. visual processing
  5. fine motor control- balance etc
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20
Q

where is grey and white matter positioned

what does grey matter and white matter contain

A

grey on the outside

white is deep into the brain

grey contains cell bodies

white contains myelinated axons

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21
Q

what is different about the spinal cord compared to the brain

A

the spinal cord the white matter is superficial and grey matter is deep

22
Q

name the 12 cranial nerves

A
  1. olfactory
  2. optical
  3. oculomotor
  4. trochlear
  5. trigeminal
  6. abducent
  7. facial
  8. vestibulcocochlear
  9. glossopharyngeal
  10. vagus
  11. spinal accessory
  12. hypoglossal
23
Q

what number system is used to the cranial nerves

A

roman numerals

24
Q

label the diagram

A
25
Q

what nerves are special sensory?

A

CN I

CN II

CN VIII

26
Q

what nerves are the somatic motor NERVES ?

A

CN IV

CN VI

CN XI

CN XII

27
Q

what nerves are mixed functional

A

CN III - MOTOR/ PARASYM

CN V- V1/2 SENSORY V3 SENSORY / MOTOR

CN VII- SPECIAL SENSORY, MOTOR/ PARASYM

CN IX- SPEICAL SEN/SENSORY/ MOTOR/ PARASYM

CN X- SENSORY/ MOTOR/ PARASYM

28
Q

name the 3 fossa in the base of the skull

A

anterior/ middle/ posterior

29
Q

label the diagram with the following and what nerves

  1. cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
  2. superior orbital fissure
  3. foramen ovale
  4. foramen rotundum
  5. optical canal
  6. internal acoustic meatus
  7. jugular foramen
  8. hypoglossal canal
A
30
Q

which foramen does the spinal cord pass through?

A

magnum foramen

31
Q

where are the enlargements of the spinal cord

A

cervical

lumbosacral

32
Q

where does the spinal cord end

A

inferiorly L1/L2

conus medullaris

33
Q

spinal cord spreads out like

A

cauda equina

34
Q

label the diagram:

white/ grey matter/ right anterior roots/ rootlets

right posterior roots/rootlets

posterior rami

anterior rami

spinal nerve

A
35
Q

t4 and t10 dermatome supply what

A

male nipple and umbilicus

36
Q

what part of the body are there no rami

A

limb dermatomes

37
Q

the function of the nervous system

A

respond to environment

38
Q

the nervous system is divided into

A

the somatic nervous system (external environment)

the autonomic nervous system (internal environment)

39
Q

what do the somatic neurones supply

A

soma= body wall

40
Q

where are the somatic neuron axons found

A

spinal nerve branches

41
Q

somatic sensory nerve fibres come from

A

skin/ parietal pleura/ skeletal muscle/ bones/ joints

42
Q

somatic nerve fibres come from

A

skeletal muscle +diaphragm

43
Q

label the diagram

A
44
Q

name 2 nerves that run all through the spinal nerves to brain to the body wall

A

somatic sensory and somatic motor nerve fibres (axons)

45
Q

Autonomic nervous system keeps track of

A

parasympathetic (rest/digest)

and

sympathetic (fight/ flight)

46
Q

the sympathetic part of the nervous system supplies

A

heart/ arterioles/ skin/ lungs/ gut/ pupils/ liver

47
Q

describe sympathetic signal

A

start from autonomic centres int he brain

down the spinal cord

exits spinal cord at T1-L2- thoracolumbar outflow

travel to sympathetic chains

passes into spinal nerves anterior/ posterior

pass into the splanchnic nerve to supply organs

48
Q

sympathetic outflow

A

T1- L2 segments of the spinal cord have lateral horns

49
Q

Parasympathetic outflow leaves from

A

all axons leave from the CNA via cranial nerves III, VII, XI & X and cia sacral spinal nerves

50
Q

Parasympathetic ganglia in head …

A
  • lacrimal gland and salivary glands
51
Q

Vagus nerve supplies organs

A

of the neck, chest and abdomen as far as the mid-gut

52
Q

Sacral spinal nerves ‘carry’ parasympathetic axons

A

-to the hindgut, pelvis and perineum

Module 1 Anatomy (6 decks)

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