Nervous System Flashcards
CNS is made up of
Brain and spinal chord
Peripheral nervous system made up of
Neuronal that lie outside the spinal cord
What is gyri?
Bumps and convolutions
What is sulci?
Grooves in grey matter
Fissures?
Larger sulci
What are meninges?
Three layers of protective tissue called the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater that surround the brain
Left hemisphere dominant in?
Language and movement
Right hemisphere dominant in?
Minor dominance
What connects the two hemispheres?
Corpus collosum and anterior commisure
Function of corpus collosum
Allows the flow of info between two hemispheres
Brain contains series of interconnected chambers which are filled with what
Cerebrofluid
Where is ceberofluid produced?
Choroid plexus
What are the four loves of the brain
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Where are frontal lobes located?
What is their function?
What does it contain? What is it?
Damaged?
Front of the brain
Associated with reasoning, motor skills, higher level cognition and expressive language
Motor cortex which revives information from various lobes of the brain utilises the info to carry out movements
Damage can lead to change in sexual habits, socialisation, and attention as well as increased risk takings
Temporal lobes is the location of? Which is important for what?
What else does it contain?
Damage?
Primary auditory cortex which is important for interpreting sounds and language we hear
Contains hippocampus= memories
Amygdala- emotion, fight/flight
Damage lead to problems with memory, speech perception and language skills
Where are the parietal lobes?
What is are they associated with processing?
What is the somatosensory cortex essential for?
What can damage result in?
Middle section of the brain
Tactile sensory information such as pressure, touch, and pain
Processing of the body senses
Can result in problems with verbal memory, an impaired ability to control eye gaze and problems with eye gaze
Where are the occipital lobes located?
What are they associated with?
What does it contain? Which does what?
What can damage cause?
Located back of brain
Interprets visual stimuli and info
Contains primary visual cortex which receives and interprets information from the eyes retinas
Visual problems, recognising objects, inability to identify colours, trouble recognising words
What are primary sensory areas
Responsible for processing basic sensory information
What are association areas?
Regions that are not primary motor or primary sensory areas
What is somatotopic representation
Refers to point to point correspondence of an area of the body to a specific point on the cns
E.g. An area corresponds to the somatosensory cortex
Who was the Canadian brain who thought up the idea?
Wilder Penfield
What is the basal ganglia?
Where?
What three things does it consist of?
What does it produce?
What does it do? By doing what?
What happens when damaged?
Masses of gray matter
Deep in the cerebral hemisphere
Caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus
Dopamine
Controls certain muscle activities, by inhibiting motor functions
Movement disorders I.e. Parkinson’s
What is the thalamus (gateway) for?
Relay motor and sensory impulses travelling to cerebral cortex
What does the hypothalamus maintain?
By?
What does it link?
Maintains homeostasis by regulating motor functions
Links nervous system to endocrine systems (neuroendocrine system)
Via the pituitary gland
