Nervous System

Question 1

Central Nervous System

Answer 1

The part of the nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

Made up of sensory and motor neutrons. It connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body and detects and responds to change

Question 3

Neurons

Answer 3

Nerve cell that carry electrical messages

Question 4

Nerves

Answer 4

A bundle of neurons

Question 5

Stimulus

Answer 5

Anything the body senses. They are detected by receptors

Question 6

Receptors

Answer 6

Organs or cells that detect changes in your external or internal environment. When a receptor detects a stimulus, it sends messages to the control centre. There are 4 receptors

Question 7

Photoreceptors

Answer 7

Detects light. Cones detect colour and rods detect black and white colours

Question 8

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 8

Detects mechanical forces such as pressure or vibration

Question 9

Chemoreceptors

Answer 9

Detect chemicals

Question 10

Thermoreceptors

Answer 10

Detects temperature

Question 11

Control centre

Answer 11

Receives messages from the receptors and uses this information to decide what the body needs to do. The control centres send signals to parts of the bodies called effectors. Eg. Brain

Question 12

Effectors

Answer 12

Receives signals from the control centre. Eg. Glands, muscles

Question 13

Response

Answer 13

Eg. If it is cold outside, the muscles are the effectors and shivering is the response.

Question 14

Negative feedback

Answer 14

When the body acts against the stimulus

Question 15

Positive Feedback

Answer 15

When the body amplifies the stimulus. Not useful in homeostasis but useful in childbirth and blood clotting.

Question 16

Endocrine system

Answer 16

Uses hormones such as adrenaline, oestrogen and testosterone. Response is slow and long lasting.

Question 17

Hypothalamus

Answer 17

Acts as a bridge between the endocrine system and nervous system.

Question 18

Cell body

Answer 18

Main part of the neuron

Question 19

Dendrites

Answer 19

Makes connections to other cells and receives chemical messages from other neurons

Question 20

Axon

Answer 20

A cell that carries electrochemical messages along the cell

Question 21

Myelin sheath

Answer 21

Fat and protein that helps to speed the transmission of a electrochemical message

Question 22

Nerve impulse

Answer 22

A type of electrochemical message that travels along an axon

Question 23

Motor neurons

Answer 23

Carries nerve impulses away from the central nervous system

Question 24

Sensory neurons

Answer 24

Sends information back to the central nervous system