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Year 7-8 Advance Science > 3 Systems > Flashcards

3 Systems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Platelets

A

Involve with clotting blood

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2
Q

White blood cells

A

Leukocytes

An immune system that fights infections

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3
Q

Red blood cells

A 
Erythrocytes 
Carries oxygen (hemoglobin) and has no nucleus
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4
Q

Artery

A

Muscular and high pressure

Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart and to the body

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5
Q

Veins

A

Low pressure

Carries deoxygenated blood to the heart.

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6
Q

Valves

A

Stop backflow

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7
Q

Lungs

A

Remove carbon dioxide from blood and adds oxygen

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8
Q

Esophagus

A

Part of the digestive system.

A tube connecting the mouth and pharynx with the stomach

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9
Q

Small intestines

A

Part of the digestive system.
In between the stomach and large intestine, where the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients such as glucose and water

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10
Q

Oral cavity

A

Where food enters and get broken down.

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11
Q

Stomach

A

Stores food and mixes it with gastric acid

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12
Q

Large intestine

A

Absorbs water, vitamins and minerals from undigested food. Has an appendix at the beginning of the large intestine

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13
Q

What do gastric juice contain

A

Mucus, Hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes

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14
Q

Mucus

A

Protect stomach cells from acid and digestive enzymes

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15
Q

Hydrochloride acid

A

Kills bacteria, protecting the stomach from infections

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16
Q

Digestive enzymes

A

Found in gastric juice is pepsin

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17
Q

Pepsin

A

Breaks down protein in food into amino acids

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18
Q

Inspiration

A

Air rushing into the lungs

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19
Q

Expiration

A

Air forced out of the lungs

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20
Q

To inhale what do we do

A

We contract out diaphragm pulling it down and making it flat

We contract our intercostal muscles pulling our ribs up.

21
Q

To exhale what do we do

A

We relax our diaphragm so it moves upwards and curves

We relax our intercostal muscles pulling our ribs down

22
Q

Position when inhaling

A 
Mouth 
Nasal cavity
Pharynx 
Larynx 
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles 
Alveoli
23
Q

Position when exhaling

A 
Alveoli
Bronchioles
Bronchi
Trachea
Larynx
Pharynx
Nasal cavity
Mouth
24
Q

Gas exchange

A

Oxygen that we breathe in is moved into the bloodstream for cells to take up and carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream into the lungs so it can be breathed out

25
Q

Alveoli

A

Moist and very thin

Tiny air sacks

26
Q

Villi

A

Increases the surface area of the small intestine making it easier to absorb nutrients

27
Q

First section of the small intestine

A

Duodenum

28
Q

Peristalsis

A

Pushing food along the small intestine by the action of muscles

29
Q

Proteases

A

Digests protein forming amino acids in the pancreas

30
Q

Amylase

A

Digests carbohydrates such as starch forming sugar in the pancreas

31
Q

Lipases

A

Digests fat, oil, fatty acids and glycerol in the pancreas

32
Q

Liver

A

Produces a liquid called bile.

Removes toxins from blood and stored glucose

33
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile after it has been produced

34
Q

Bile duct

A

Carries bile from the gallbladder to the small intestine

35
Q

Four types of teeth

A

Incisors, premolars, molars and canines

36
Q

Saliva

A

Acts to lubricate food so it is easier to go down the throats
Contains amylase

37
Q

Incisors

A

To bite pieces of food so they are small enough to chew. They have a sharp edge

38
Q

Premolars and molars

A

Used grind the food into smaller pieces

39
Q

Canines

A

Used to hold food

40
Q

Rectum

A

At the end of the large intestine and hold waste

41
Q

Epiglottis

A

Blocks your windpipe while swallowing

42
Q

Bile

A

Helps the body digest fat

43
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs

44
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

Carries oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs

45
Q

Aorta

A

Carries oxygenated blood to the body

46
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Breaking down foods physically

47
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Breaking down food with chemicals

48
Q

Chyme

A

A mixture of food, acids, mucus and enzymes

Year 7-8 Advance Science (10 decks)

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