nervous system Flashcards
what are the 3 types of nervous systems?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- enteric nervous system (Gut)
What does the CNS consist of?
brain and spinal cord
what is the function of the CNS?
it receives and processes information & coordinates organ function
- it is control of balance, posture, sleep, learning, memory, emotions
what are the 4 different parts of the brain?
- frontal lobe
- partial lobe
- occipital lobe
- temporal lobe
what is the frontal lobe in charge of?
reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions and problem solving
what is the parietal lobe in charge of?
movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli
what is the occipital lobe in charge of?
visual processing
what is the temporal lube in charge of?
perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
what is the function of the peripheral nervous system? and what’s it in charge of?
it sends sensory input to CNS
it is in charge of touch, sight, sound, pain, smell (Senses)
- also emitts viceral (organ) information such as blood pressure, fullness of stomach and this is fed into the CNS
what are afferent neurones?
neurons that receive information from sensory organs and transmit this input to the central nervous system
what are sensory organs?
eyes, ears, tongue, skin, and nose
what are efferent neurones?
are conducting cells that carry information from the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) to muscles and organs throughout the body.
what is an interneurone?
A spinal interneuron is an interneuron found in the spinal cord that relays signals between (afferent) sensory neurons, and (efferent) motor neurons
what does the autonomic nervous system control?
it controls smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
what system do efferent neurones belong to?
the somatic nervous system - this contains motor neurones which regulate contraction of skeletal muscles (this is under voluntary control)
what is the autonomic nervous system
neurones regulate function of internal organs, sweat glands, blood vessels…
what does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
the somatic nervous system (voluntary) and the autonomic nervous system (involuntary)
what is a nerve cell?
a neurone
what is a dendrite?
extension of a nerve cell
what is the function of dendrites?
they receive input from other neurones via synapses
what is the function of an axon?
its a nerve fibre, it transmits action potential to postsynaptic neurone or the effector organ
what does the cell body contain?
nucleus, organelles, it carries out cellular functions (protein synthesis, metabolism). it connects to the denderites
what do neurones transmit?
electrical impulses as an “action potential”
what is an action potential?
distribution of charge across plasma membrane.
