Nervous System Flashcards
Nervous system
Central: brain. Spinal cord
Peripheral: afferant neurons–> takes message to brian (CNS)
Efferent neurons–> takes message away from brian (CNS)
functions of nervous sys
Basic: motor, sensory, automatic
Higher: cognition, Emotions, Consciousness
Motor unit
A nerve connecting to several muscle cells
Afferent
Stimulus.
Somatosensory neurons
Efferent
Response to stimulus. Lower motor neurons
Autonomic nervous system
Efferent
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Gland cells
PARAYMPATHETIC SYPMATHETIC
Grey matter
Neuron somas
White matter
Mylenated axons
Lobes of brain
Frontal lobe: brocas, motor, prefrontal lobe, logic
Perietal lobe: somatosensory cortex
Occipital lobe: vision
Temporal cortex: sound, wernickes area
Contralateral control
Each side of brain controls different side of body
Dominant hemisphere: language,
Non dominant hemisphere:
Old brian
Brain stem: medulla, pons
Heart beat, breathing
Reticular formation
Filter, arousal
Thalamus:
Relay station
Cerebellum:
Coordinate movement
Cerebellum
Coordinates movement
Motor plan
Position sense
Brain stem
Midbrian
Pons
Medulla
Reticular formation
Autonomic functions: circulation, HR, etc
Subcortical cerebrum
Basal ganglia: motor, emotion, cognition
Cerebral cortex
Lobes
Neurotransmitter
Glutamate: stimulators
GABA, glycine: inhibitors
Acetylcholine: largely for muscles (ANS) Histamine Norepinephrine Serotonin Dopamine
Endocrine system
- Proteins: small
- Steroid: cholesterol, lipids
- Tyrosine derivatives: thyroid, catecholamines
Endocrine organs
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland: master gland, stimulates other glands
Thyroid: metabolism (T3, T4)
Parathyroid: calcium
Adrenal glands: cortex-steroids, medulla-catecholamines
Gonads: sex hormones
Pancreas: blood sugar
Negative feedback
Main way secretion is controlled
Signal produced downstream inhibits signals upstream in the cascade
