nervous system Flashcards
What are 7 main functions of the nervous system?
- coordinates all body functions, internally and externally 2. memory, intelligence, and reasoning (decision making) 3. controls emotions, feelings, and preferences 4. controls coordination and balance 5. 5 sensory connections (receives info) 6. responding to stimuli 7. controls automatic/reflex actions
What are the 3 main divisions of the nervous system?
central nervous system (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
The central nervous system (CNS) includes what two things?
brain and spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes what?
all the nerves connected to the brain and spinal cord
The autonomic Nervous system (ANS) controls?
automatic, involuntary, and reflex actions
What are the 3 types of nerve cells?
sensory neurons, associative neurons, and motor neurons
What is the function of each type of nerve cell?
sensory neurons - receive messages through 5 senses associative neurons - carry messages to the brain motor neurons - respond to the messages
What are the 6 main parts of the human brain?
cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebellum
What is the function of the cerebrum?
responsible for memory, intelligence, and sensations
What is the function of the Thalamus?
relay and process center for information
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
emotions and hormone production
What is the function of the Midbrain?
center for visual and auditory information
What is the function of the Pons?
automatic functions (visceral control), reflexes
What is the function of the Medulla Oblongata:
connection to the spinal cord, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
What is the function of the cerebellum?
regulates all muscular functions (movements) internal and external
Explain the factors of intelligence. What is it determined by?
it is determined by a quotient combination of… 1. Hereditary - genetic 2. Experiences - opportunities
What is short term memory?
does not last long, recall immediately - small bits of information - 0 to 72 hours on average
What is long term memory?
remain for a long time - more personal, impactful, important, significant
Name the 5 senses?
touch, smell, hearing, sight, and taste
What are the 2 protections around the brain and spinal cord?
meninges - fluid and bone structure
Why are spinal injuries so dangerous and what determines paralysis?
they can be permanent and temporary and their connected to the brain and the cells can’t grow
What is paralysis?
loss of feeling, control and movement of a certain area of the body
What happens when a person loses the use of one of the senses?
when one system fails, the remain systems become sharper
How are the eyes connected to the brain?
optic nerve
How are the ears connected to the brain?
auditory nerve
How is smell connected to the brain?
olfactory nerve
How is taste connected to the brain?
olfactory nerve
How is touch connected to the brain?
millions of neurons in skin that feel: pain, pressure, hot, and cold
What are the changes in the nervous system that take place as a person ages?
- reduction in brain size and wight - reduction in # of neurons - decrease in blood flow to brain - less memory (forgetting)
what is a nerve cell composed of? (4 parts)
cell body, dendrites, axons, and synaptic terminals
What is the cell body?
the center of the cell
What are the dendrites?
branches in the cell
What are the axons?
they carry messages
What are synaptic terminals?
path of nerves
why are nerve cells different?
Neurons differ from other cells because neurons have extensions called axons and dendrites
- coordinates all body functions, internally and externally 2. memory, intelligence, and reasoning (decision making) 3. controls emotions, feelings, and preferences 4. controls coordination and balance 5. 5 sensory connections (receives info) 6. responding to stimuli 7. controls automatic/reflex actions
What are 7 main functions of the nervous system?
central nervous system (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
What are the 3 main divisions of the nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
The central nervous system (CNS) includes what two things?
all the nerves connected to the brain and spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes what?
automatic, involuntary, and reflex actions
The autonomic Nervous system (ANS) controls?
sensory neurons, associative neurons, and motor neurons
What are the 3 types of nerve cells?
sensory neurons - receive messages through 5 senses associative neurons - carry messages to the brain motor neurons - respond to the messages
What is the function of each type of nerve cell?
cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebellum
What are the 6 main parts of the human brain?
responsible for memory, intelligence, and sensations
What is the function of the cerebrum?
relay and process center for information
What is the function of the Thalamus?
emotions and hormone production
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
center for visual and auditory information
What is the function of the Midbrain?
automatic functions (visceral control), reflexes
What is the function of the Pons?
connection to the spinal cord, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
What is the function of the Medulla Oblongata:
regulates all muscular functions (movements) internal and external
What is the function of the cerebellum?
it is determined by a quotient combination of… 1. Hereditary - genetic 2. Experiences - opportunities
Explain the factors of intelligence. What is it determined by?
does not last long, recall immediately - small bits of information - 0 to 72 hours on average
What is short term memory?
remain for a long time - more personal, impactful, important, significant
What is long term memory?
touch, smell, hearing, sight, and taste
Name the 5 senses?
meninges - fluid and bone structure
What are the 2 protections around the brain and spinal cord?
they can be permanent and temporary and their connected to the brain and the cells can’t grow
Why are spinal injuries so dangerous and what determines paralysis?
loss of feeling, control and movement of a certain area of the body
What is paralysis?
when one system fails, the remain systems become sharper
What happens when a person loses the use of one of the senses?
optic nerve
How are the eyes connected to the brain?
auditory nerve
How are the ears connected to the brain?
olfactory nerve
How is smell connected to the brain?
olfactory nerve
How is taste connected to the brain?
millions of neurons in skin that feel: pain, pressure, hot, and cold
How is touch connected to the brain?
- reduction in brain size and wight - reduction in # of neurons - decrease in blood flow to brain - less memory (forgetting)
What are the changes in the nervous system that take place as a person ages?
cell body, dendrites, axons, and synaptic terminals
what is a nerve cell composed of? (4 parts)
the center of the cell
What is the cell body?
branches in the cell
What are the dendrites?
they carry messages
What are the axons?
path of nerves
What are synaptic terminals?
Neurons differ from other cells because neurons have extensions called axons and dendrites
why are nerve cells different?
