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Anatomy > First test on intro to anatomy > Flashcards

First test on intro to anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anatomy?

A

the study of the human body STRUCTURES

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2
Q

What is Physiology?

A

The study of the human body FUNCTIONS

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3
Q

examples of anatomy?

A

structure of the eye, ankle, leg etc…

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4
Q

examples of physiology?

A

ex. coordination, sensations, feelings, functions of the brain, balance, sweating, bleeding, temperature control

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5
Q

What is the relationship between Anatomy and Physiology

A

they are married

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6
Q

What is pathology?

A

An abnormal disease, disfunction

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7
Q

what is an example of pathology (disease)?

A

alzheimers

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8
Q

what is an example of pathology (disfunction)?

A

abnormality of the hand is arthritis, a joint disease

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9
Q

What do they look for in post death pathology?

A

what went wrong that caused the person to die, or the disfunction

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10
Q

What is Homeostasis?

A

The internal balance (everything is working properly), everything is “normal”, all systems are a go, and “PERFECT HEALTH”

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11
Q

What are some qualifications for perfect health?

A

•Steady heart rate • proper body weight per height/gender • bloodsugar • 20/20 vision • functioning joints • proper respiration • hand/eye coordination • good mineral intake • healthy metabolism

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12
Q

What is the Median/Medial area of the body?

A

divides the Body vertically down middle (divides right and left sides) - nose is median - men and female genitals

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13
Q

What is the transverse area of the body?

A

Divides the Body horizontally across the waist (divides top and bottom)

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14
Q

What is the upper part of the body called referenced from the transverse area?

A

superior

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15
Q

What is the lower part of the body called referenced from the transverse area?

A

inferior

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16
Q

What is on the front part of the body?

A

coronal, frontal, ventral (eyebrows, knees), anterior

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17
Q

What is on the backside of the body?

A

Dorsal, Posterior

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18
Q

what is the cranial?

A

the head region

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19
Q

What is the Caudal?

A

closer to feet

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20
Q

what are three main areas of the body?

A

cranium, thorax, and spinal chord

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21
Q

What is body symmetry?

A

internally and externally the body is equal - can be slight margin of error - one eye is slightly higher than other

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22
Q

What are examples of body symmetry

A
  • ovary on right and ovary on left - same brain matter on right and elft side
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23
Q

How many levels are there of internal organization?

A

4

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24
Q

What are the 4 levels of internal organization?

A

Cells, Groups of cells with specific function, organs, and systems

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25
Q

Define the CELL level of organization and what level is it out of the four?

A

basic units of life, first

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26
Q

Define the groups of cells with specific function level of organization and what level is it out of the four?

A

blood, nerves, muscles, and coverings

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27
Q

What does the second level of inertial organization believe in?

A

cell specialization

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28
Q

What is cell specialization?

A
  • blood cell is differnt than nerve cell - muscle cell is different than skin cell
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29
Q

What is the third level of internal organization?

A

Organs

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30
Q

Define the Organ level of organization?

A

groups of tissue with a major function

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31
Q

what are examples of organs?

A

heart, brain, skin, 2 lungs, etc…

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32
Q

what are systems?

A

groups of organs with big functions

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33
Q

what is homeostasis?

A

all systems go

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34
Q

clinical death?

A

when the heart stops completely

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35
Q

when is the person pronounced dead and paper is signed?

A

death certificate is determined and signed when heart stops beating

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36
Q

what is brain death?

A

this means there is no brain function ( has to be zero) BUT the heart beats while assisted by a machine or naturally

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37
Q

what happens to the brain cells in brain death?

A

they do not replace themselves

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38
Q

T or F. It is possible for people to live for up to months after being pronounced brain dead do to machine help?

A

true

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39
Q

who helps transition the patient and the parents through the tough brain dead time?

A

team of hospis people

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40
Q

average life expectancy in 2016?

A

79

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41
Q

why has age increased?

A
  • jump in life years is because of techonology (diagnostic tests), and medical advances/procedures
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42
Q

what is the top method of death?

A

Heart Related (strokes, aneurysms)

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43
Q

what is the second top method of death?

A

Cancer

44
Q

What is the third top method of death?

A

Accidental or Non - Medical (includes suicide) non medical is most addictions

45
Q

what does non medical include?

A

most addictions

46
Q

the study of the human body STRUCTURES

A

What is Anatomy?

47
Q

The study of the human body FUNCTIONS

A

What is Physiology?

48
Q

structure of the eye, ankle, leg etc…

A

examples of anatomy?

49
Q

ex. coordination, sensations, feelings, functions of the brain, balance, sweating, bleeding, temperature control

A

examples of physiology?

50
Q

they are married

A

What is the relationship between Anatomy and Physiology

51
Q

An abnormal disease, disfunction

A

What is pathology?

52
Q

alzheimers

A

what is an example of pathology (disease)?

53
Q

abnormality of the hand is arthritis, a joint disease

A

what is an example of pathology (disfunction)?

54
Q

what went wrong that caused the person to die, or the disfunction

A

What do they look for in post death pathology?

55
Q

The internal balance (everything is working properly), everything is “normal”, all systems are a go, and “PERFECT HEALTH”

A

What is Homeostasis?

56
Q

•Steady heart rate • proper body weight per height/gender • bloodsugar • 20/20 vision • functioning joints • proper respiration • hand/eye coordination • good mineral intake • healthy metabolism

A

What are some qualifications for perfect health?

57
Q

divides the Body vertically down middle (divides right and left sides) - nose is median - men and female genitals

A

What is the Median/Medial area of the body?

58
Q

Divides the Body horizontally across the waist (divides top and bottom)

A

What is the transverse area of the body?

59
Q

superior

A

What is the upper part of the body called referenced from the transverse area?

60
Q

inferior

A

What is the lower part of the body called referenced from the transverse area?

61
Q

coronal, frontal, ventral (eyebrows, knees), anterior

A

What is on the front part of the body?

62
Q

Dorsal, Posterior

A

What is on the backside of the body?

63
Q

the head region

A

what is the cranial?

64
Q

closer to feet

A

What is the Caudal?

65
Q

cranium, thorax, and spinal chord

A

what are three main areas of the body?

66
Q

internally and externally the body is equal - can be slight margin of error - one eye is slightly higher than other

A

What is body symmetry?

67
Q
  • ovary on right and ovary on left - same brain matter on right and elft side
A

What are examples of body symmetry

68
Q

4

A

How many levels are there of internal organization?

69
Q

Cells, Groups of cells with specific function, organs, and systems

A

What are the 4 levels of internal organization?

70
Q

basic units of life, first

A

Define the CELL level of organization and what level is it out of the four?

71
Q

blood, nerves, muscles, and coverings

A

Define the groups of cells with specific function level of organization and what level is it out of the four?

72
Q

cell specialization

A

What does the second level of inertial organization believe in?

73
Q
  • blood cell is differnt than nerve cell - muscle cell is different than skin cell
A

What is cell specialization?

74
Q

Organs

A

What is the third level of internal organization?

75
Q

groups of tissue with a major function

A

Define the Organ level of organization?

76
Q

heart, brain, skin, 2 lungs, etc…

A

what are examples of organs?

77
Q

groups of organs with big functions

A

what are systems?

78
Q

all systems go

A

what is homeostasis?

79
Q

when the heart stops completely

A

clinical death?

80
Q

death certificate is determined and signed when heart stops beating

A

when is the person pronounced dead and paper is signed?

81
Q

this means there is no brain function ( has to be zero) BUT the heart beats while assisted by a machine or naturally

A

what is brain death?

82
Q

they do not replace themselves

A

what happens to the brain cells in brain death?

83
Q

true

A

T or F. It is possible for people to live for up to months after being pronounced brain dead do to machine help?

84
Q

team of hospis people

A

who helps transition the patient and the parents through the tough brain dead time?

85
Q

79

A

average life expectancy in 2016?

86
Q
  • jump in life years is because of techonology (diagnostic tests), and medical advances/procedures
A

why has age increased?

87
Q

Heart Related (strokes, aneurysms)

A

what is the top method of death?

88
Q

Cancer

A

what is the second top method of death?

89
Q

Accidental or Non - Medical (includes suicide) non medical is most addictions

A

What is the third top method of death?

90
Q

most addictions

A

what does non medical include?

91
Q

what are 4 risk factors of conracting cancer?

A

hereditary, smoking (except for a cigar in the summer), poor nutrition, and exposure to chemicals

92
Q

What does the term Metastisis mean?

A

spreading of cancer from one site (primary) to another (secondary)

93
Q

3 basic treatments of cancer and describe them

A

surgery (removal), raditation therapy (laser or radioactivity), and chemotherapy (drug therapy)

94
Q

Benign Tumor?

A

a growth with no cancer cells

95
Q

Malignant Tumor?

A

a growth with cancer cells

96
Q

How are systems of body dependent on each other?

A

they need all of them to work to create homeostasis

97
Q

What is cell division?

A

when cells replicate

98
Q

What is cell differentiation?

A

when cells have specific functions

99
Q

hereditary, smoking (except for a cigar in the summer), poor nutrition, and exposure to chemicals

A

what are 4 risk factors of conracting cancer?

100
Q

spreading of cancer from one site (primary) to another (secondary)

A

What does the term Metastisis mean?

101
Q

surgery (removal), raditation therapy (laser or radioactivity), and chemotherapy (drug therapy)

A

3 basic treatments of cancer and describe them

102
Q

a growth with no cancer cells

A

Benign Tumor?

103
Q

a growth with cancer cells

A

Malignant Tumor?

104
Q

they need all of them to work to create homeostasis

A

How are systems of body dependent on each other?

105
Q

when cells replicate

A

What is cell division?

106
Q

when cells have specific functions

A

What is cell differentiation?

Anatomy (6 decks)

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