Nervous System Flashcards
What organs are included in the central nervous system
Brain and Spinal Cord
What organs are included in the Peripheral Nervous System
Spinal Nerves
it supports the appropriate blood-barrier
astrocyte
the only phagocyte
microglia
produces cerebrospinal fluid and assist in its circulation
Ependymal
it lubricates part of the brain
Cerebrospinal fluid
it forms the myelin sheath of CNS
Oligodendrocytes
it forms the myelin sheath of PNS
Schwann
sensory neurons
afferent neuron
efferent neuron
motor function
neurons responsible for integrative functions
interneurons
area of nervous system that is responsible for gastrointestinal chuchu (i need the ppt my notes are HNGGG)
Enteric
it surrounds the individual axons
Endoneurium
it surrounds individual fascicles
perineurium
surrounds each neuron
Epineurium
gray matter contains ___
axon, myelin sheath, and ascending and descending tracts
white matter contains ____
cell body
it contains the nucleus
cell body (soma)
carries impulse away ; must be myelinated
Axon
two types of conduction. differentiate.
- continuous. axons are not myelinated; continuous flow of impulse
- saltatory. axons are myelinated; impulses jump from one to another— faster
releasing site of neurotransmitters
synapse
what spinal nerve is responsible for the sensory functions
Dorsal SN
What spinal nerve is responsible for motor functions
ventral SN
it separates frontal from parietal lobe
central sulcus of ronaldo
brodmann area 4
primary motor cortex ; controls voluntary movements (paralysis)
brodmann area 6
premotor cortex ; supplementary. assist BA4 ; motor planning and complex movements (lose your coordination and execution of movements ; apraxia)
brodmann area 3-1-2
primary somatosensory cortex ; process sensations ; temperature; touch (lose of sensory perceptions)
brodmann area 5-7
somatosensory ; supports the primary somatosensory cortex
controls voluntary movements by integrating skeletal muscles
somatic ns
controls involuntary movements involving organs, glands, and soft tissues
autonomic ns
constricts pupils
parasympathetic
relaxes your bladder
sympathetic
inhibit salivation
sympathetic
stimulates digestion
parasympathetic
secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
sympathetic
Cranial Nerve 1
Olfactory Nerve ; smell ; sensory
Cranial Nerve 2
Optic Nerve ; vision ; sensory
Cranial Nerve 3
Occulomotor Nerve ; movements of the eye ; motor
Cranial Nerve 4
Trochlear Nerve (superior oblique) ; motor impulses that control movements of the eye via trochlear nerve ; motor
Cranial Nerve 5
Trigeminal Nerve ; innervates sensory function of facial muscles ; innervates motor function of musculation muscles ; sensations of tongue; mixed
Cranial Nerve 6
abducens nerve ; innervates your lateral rectus ; motor
Cranial Nerve 7
facial nerve ; motor function of all other facial muscle ; sensations of the tongue ; anterior 1/3 of the sensation of the tongue; mix
Cranial Nerve 8
vestibulocochlear nerve; maintains balance ; sensory
Cranial Nerve 9
glossopharyngeal nerve ; swallowing movements ; mix
Cranial Nerve 10
vagus nerve ; provides taste sensation ; motor innervation to the majority of the muscles of the pharynx, soft palate, and larynx ; mix
Cranial Nerve 11
spinal accessory nerve ; innervates trapezius muscle; motor
Cranial Nerve 12
hypoglossal ; innervates the muscle of the tongue; motor
classified as a-alpha, a-beta, a-gamma
a fibers
responsible for sensations: touch, pressure, and thermal sensation
a fibers
three classifications of a fibers
a-alpha , a-beta , a-gamma
smaller fibers ; both myelinated ; saltatory ; longer absolute refractory period
B fibers
smallest ; unmyelinated ; continuous conduction ; visceral pain sensations (painful sensations in the organs)
c fibers
prevents toxins/ chemicals from from entering central nervous system
blood-brain barrier
brodmann area 1-7
primary visual cortex ; process your visual information (blindness)
brodmann area 18-19
visual association area ; sharpens basic visual information; (difficulty in recognizing people- visual agnosia)
brodmann area 44-45
Broca’s Area ; speech production and motor control of language; language comprehension is intact (broca’s aphasia)
brodmann area 22
wernicke’s area ; language comprehension; speaking is good ; (wernicke’s aphasia)
(name of spinal nerve)
spinal nerve between C1 and C2
C2
(name of spinal nerve)
spinal nerve between C6 and C7
C7
(name of spinal nerve)
spinal nerve between C7 and T1
C8
(name of spinal nerve)
spinal nerve between T1 and T2
T1
(name of spinal nerve)
spinal nerve between T11 and T12
T11
(name of spinal nerve)
spinal nerve between L1 and L2
L1
