Muscular System

Question 1

muscle that has the major responsibility for causing a particular movement

Answer 1

Prime mover

Question 2

muscles that oppose or reverse a movement

Answer 2

antagonist

Question 3

help prime movers by producing the same movement or by reducing undesirable movements

Answer 3

Synergists

Question 4

they hold a bone still

Answer 4

fixators

Question 5

up and down movement of the foot at the ankle

Answer 5

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Question 6

turning the sole medially or laterally

Answer 6

Inversion and eversion

Question 7

forearm rotates laterally and palm faces anteriorly ; forearm rotates medially so that the palm faces posteriorly

Answer 7

Supination and pronation

Question 8

opposite action by which you move your thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers on the same hand

Answer 8

opposition

Question 9

proximal end of the limb is stationary and its distal end moves in a circle

Answer 9

circumduction

Question 10

opposite of abduction

Answer 10

adduction

Question 11

moving limb away from the midline

Answer 11

adduction

Question 12

movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis ; movement of atlas around the axis

Answer 12

rotation

Question 13

opposite of flexion

Answer 13

extension

Question 14

generally in the sagittal plane, that decreases the angle of the joint and brings bones closer together

Answer 14

flexion

Question 15

the muscle shortens and movement occurs; myofilaments are successful in their sliding movements

Answer 15

isotonic contraction

Question 16

contractions in which the muscle do not shorten ; myosin heads still form cross-bridges with actin attempting to slide filaments, but sarcomeres do not shorten

Answer 16

Isometric contraction

Question 17

mechanism of muscle contraction

Answer 17

sliding filament theory

Question 18

structural and functional units of skeletal muscle

Answer 18

sarcomere

Question 19

two types of myofilaments

Answer 19

thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments

Question 20

kind of muscle that is found only in the heart ; striated ; uninucleate ; involuntary

Answer 20

cardiac muscle

Question 21

kind of muscle with no striations ; involuntary; found mainly in the walls of hallow visceral organs; spindle shaped ; uninucleate

Answer 21

Smooth muscle

Question 22

surrounds the whole muscle

Answer 22

epimysium

Question 23

surrounds each fascicle

Answer 23

perimysium

Question 24

surrounds each individual muscle fiber

Answer 24

endomysium

Question 25

kind of muscle that attaches to and cover the bony skeleton; large, cigar-shaped ; multinucleate ; striated ; voluntary

Answer 25

skeletal muscle