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ANAPHY > Cell > Flashcards

Cell Flashcards

1
Q

basic living structural and functional unit of the body

A

cell

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2
Q

water loving head (phospholipid bilayer)

A

hydrophilic head

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3
Q

water fearing tail (phospholipid bilayer)

A

hydrophobic tail

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4
Q

two kinds of proteins in the phospholipid bilayer

A
  1. Peripheral Protein
  2. Integral Protein
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5
Q

the kind of protein in the phospholipid bilayer that floats ; serves as cell support ; transport ; and signaling

A

Peripheral protein

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6
Q

the kind of protein in the phospholipid bilayer that is inserted inside the phospholipid bilayer ; responsible for generating electrochemical gradients; catalyzing reactions

A

Integral Proteins

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7
Q

main parts of the cell

A
  1. Cell membrane
  2. Nucleus
  3. Cytoplasm
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8
Q

the fluid inside the cytoplasm

A

cytosol

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9
Q

it gives the primary structure of the cell

A

cytoskeleton

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10
Q

what resides inside the cytoplasm?

A

organelles

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11
Q

digestive function of the cell

A

lysosome

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12
Q

site of aerobic respiration and ATP synthesis

A

Mitochondria

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13
Q

sites of protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

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14
Q

site of lipid and steroid synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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15
Q

sugar groups are attached to proteins within the tunnels. Proteins are bound in vesicles for transport to the golgi apparatus and other sites ; attached with ribosomes

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

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16
Q

transportation of substances inside and outside of the cell

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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17
Q

it processes substances transported by the Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Golgi Apparatus

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18
Q

holds the structure of the cells together

A

microtubules

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19
Q

central processing unit of the cell

A

nucleus

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20
Q

it’s the part of the cell that houses DNA

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

the genetic make up of the DNA

22
Q

physical manifestation of the DNA

23
Q

enumerate the components of the cell

A
  1. water: 70% - 85%
  2. proteins
  3. ions
  4. lipids
  5. carbohydrates
24
Q

40% ____

A

intercellular fluid

25
Q

20% ____

A

extracellular fluid

26
Q

5% ____

27
Q

15% _____

A

Intercellular fluid ; interstitial fluid ; transcellular fluid

28
Q

charged particles in the cell

29
Q

cat ions are

A

positively charged ions

30
Q

anions are

A

negatively charged ions

31
Q

Primary cation inside the cell

A

Potassium (K)

32
Q

Primary anion outside the cell

A

Chloride (Cl)

33
Q

Primary anion inside the cell

A

Organic Anion

34
Q

Primary cation outside cell

A

Sodium (Na)

35
Q

secondary anion inside the cell

36
Q

two kinds of transport mechanism

A
  1. Passive/Diffusion - requires no ATP
  2. Active - requires ATP
37
Q

differentiate simple diffusion from facilitated diffusion

A

simple diffusion does not require the use of carrier protein while facilitated diffusion does

38
Q

true of false

the greater the difference in concentration between two areas, the faster diffusion occurs

39
Q

the process by which molecules (and ions) move away from areas where they are more concentrated (more numerous) to areas where they are less concentrated (with fewer of them)

40
Q

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane such as plasma membrane is specifically called ; H2O concentration

41
Q

types of concentration/solution in osmosis. explain.

A
  1. Isotonic: 0.9 NaCl; ideal solution of the blood ; equal amount of solvent and solute inside and outside of the cell
  2. Hypotonic: there’s more h2O outside the cell ; lower concentration of solute
  3. Hypertonic: more solute (Na) outside the cell ; higher concentration; more
42
Q

when a cell uses ATP to move substances across the membrane, the process is

A

Active Process/Transport

43
Q

Transport “against” or “uphill”

A

active transport

44
Q

three kinds of transport proteins

A
  1. Uniport: only one substance can be transported
  2. Symport: two substances toward same direction can be transported
  3. Antiport: two substances goes to different direction
45
Q

Resting membrane potential of a cell

46
Q

what is an action potential

A

when a stimulus travelled inside the cell

47
Q

super-maximal impulse action potential

A

All or None Law

48
Q

explain action potential

A
  1. Depolarization
  2. Repolarization
  3. Hyperpolarization
49
Q

threshold level where depolarization starts

50
Q

what do we call the period where the cell can no longer be stimulated

A

Refractory Period

51
Q

two kinds of refractory period. differentiate.

A
  1. Absolute. no action potential is fired at all
  2. Relative. action potential is still possible, but must be very strong

ANAPHY (7 decks)

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