nervous system

Question 1

integration center which analyzes info and provides necessary response through efferent pathway

Answer 1

brain

Question 2

monitor changes occurring both inside and outside the body

Answer 2

sensory receptors

Question 3

Processes and interprets the sensory input and decides what is the appropriate response at each moment

Answer 3

integration

Question 4

Initiate or activate the effectors so it will carry out the instructions that were transmitted from the brain or spinal cord.
- causes a response

Answer 4

motor output

Question 5

Act as the integrating and command centers of the nervous system.
Interpret incoming sensory information and issue instructions based on past experience and current conditions.

Answer 5

central nervous system

Question 6

Conducts signals to and from the brain, controls reflex activities.

Answer 6

spinal cord

Question 7

It consists mainly of the nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain.
- all parts of the nervous system outside the CNS

Answer 7

peripheral system

Question 8

carry impulses to and from the spinal cord.

Answer 8

spinal nerves

Question 9

carry impulses to and from the brain.

Answer 9

cranial nerves

Question 10

Nerve fibers that receive info from our skin, joints, skeletal muscles. They carry these toward the CNS.

Answer 10

sensory division: somatic sensory (afferent)

Question 11

Nerve fibers that receive information from the internal organs such as stomach, heart, lungs, and glands. They carry these toward the CNS

Answer 11

sensory division: visceral sensory (afferent)

Question 12

Voluntarily controls skeletal muscles
Even though it is involuntary, the actions are coordinated by skeletal muscles

Answer 12

motor division: somatic nervous system (voluntary)

Question 13

Automatically controls smooth and cardiac muscles and glands
It gives instructions in what responses our cardiac muscles will be

Answer 13

motor division: Autonomic nervous system (involunary)

Question 14

TRUE OR FALSE:
our reflexes are an effect of the somatic nervous system (voluntary)

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

• Support
• Insulate neurons
• Protect delicate neurons from damage and infection

Answer 15

neuroglia (glial cells)

Question 16

star shaped cells with numerous projections with swollen ends that attach to neurons and anchor them to blood capillaries.

Answer 16

astrocytes

Question 17

spiderlike phagocytes that monitor the health of nearby neurons
- main function to defend the central nervous system

Answer 17

microglia

Question 18

Line cavities of the brain and spinal cord
- Cilla assist with circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 18

ependymal cells

Question 19

Wrap flat extensions around nerve fibers in the central nervous system
- Produce myelin sheaths (fatty insulating coverings), which acts as the protective layer around the nerve fibers

Answer 19

oligodendrocytes

Question 20

part of the nerve cell
- center; contains the nucleus & the different organelles, and metabolic center of the cell, atp generation

Answer 20

cell body

Question 21

fibers that extend from the cell body, projections from the cell body

Answer 21

processes

Question 22

conduct impulses toward the cell body

Answer 22

dendrites

Question 23

conduct impulses away from the cell body

Answer 23

axons

Question 24

Increasing the transmission of nerve impulse from one neuron to its target cells

Answer 24

myelin

Question 25

wraps axons in a jelly roll - like fashion (PNS) to form the myelin sheath

Answer 25

Schwann cells

Question 26

part of the Schwann cell external to the myelin sheath ; the plasma membrane of the schwann cell

Answer 26

Neurilemma

Question 27

gaps in myelin sheath along the axon; in between of different schwann cells

Answer 27

nodes of ranvier

Question 28

Controls voluntary motor functions (primary motor area), motivation, aggression, mood and olfaction.

Answer 28

frontal lobe

Question 29

Impulses from body’s sensory area are interpreted in this area - Allows you to recognize pain, temperature differences, and light touch

Answer 29

parietal lobe

Question 30

involved processing and understanding language

Answer 30

Wernick’s Area

Question 31

Any damage in the area will prevent you from talking

Answer 31

broca's area

Question 32

Visual area: posterior of which lobe

Answer 32

occipital lobe

Question 33

responsible for auditory and memory

Answer 33

temporal lobe

Question 34

Site for localization and interpretation of the impulses

Answer 34

thalamus

Question 35

Regulates body temperature, water balance, and metabolism

Answer 35

hypothalamus

Question 36

houses pineal gland and the choroid plexus of the 3rd ventricle,

Answer 36

epithalamus

Question 37

Smallest portion of the brain stem

Answer 37

midbrain

Question 38

connects the cerebellum and cerebrum

Answer 38

pons

Question 39

Merges into the spinal cord - Has many nuclei that regulate vital visceral functions

Answer 39

medulla oblongata

Question 40

Has an outer cortex made of gray matter and inner region of white matter - For balance, muscle tone (state of being ready), coordinated movement, and learning a motor skill

Answer 40

cerebellum

Question 41

Three connective tissue membranes covering and protecting the CNS structures

Answer 41

meninges

Question 42

The double-layered external covering consists of a periosteum and a meningeal layer

Answer 42

arachnoid layer

Question 43

Clings to the surface of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 43

pia mater

Question 44

Extends from the foramen magnum of the skull to the first or second lumbar vertebra

Answer 44

spinal cord