endocrine system

Question 1

releases hormones to the blood and transported throughout the body

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

study of hormones and endocrine organs

Answer 2

endocrinology

Question 3

these hormones are made from cholesterol, such as sex hormones made by gonads

Answer 3

steroid hormones

Question 4

what type of hormones are all hormones except for sex hormones

Answer 4

amino acid-based hormones

Question 5

Hormone mechanism directly passes the plasma membrane.

Answer 5

direct gene activation

Question 6

for protein and peptide, it passes through a protein receptor and creates a second messenger

Answer 6

second messenger system

Question 7

stimulate other endocrine glands to release their hormones

Answer 7

tropic hormones

Question 8

most common stimuli, refers to the release of a hormone in response to another hormone

Answer 8

hormonal stimuli

Question 9

Changing/imbalance of blood vessels of certain ions and nutrients stimulates hormone release

Answer 9

humoral stimuli

Question 10

stimuli from the nerve fibers that stimulate hormone release
- Fight and flight response

Answer 10

neural stimuli

Question 11

produces releasing and inhibiting hormones

Answer 11

hypothalamus

Question 12

the hypothalamus makes 2 hormones

Answer 12

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

Question 13

hormone for milk ejection, for the contraction of uterus during childbirth

Answer 13

oxytocin

Question 14

Carried to posterior pituitary via neurosecretory cells for storage. Prevent dehydration.

Answer 14

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 15

• Does not make the hormones it releases
  Stores hormones made by the thalamus

Answer 15

posterior pituitary

Question 16

• general metabolic hormone
• Major effects direct skeletal muscle and long bone growth
• determines final body size
• causes amino acids to be built into proteins
• causes fats to be broken down for a source of energy

Answer 16

growth hormone (GH) / somatotropin

Question 17

stimulates and maintain milk production following childbirth

Answer 17

prolactin

Question 18

regulate hormonal activity of the gonads

Answer 18

gonadotrophic hormones

Question 19

influences growth and activity of thyroid gland

Answer 19

thyrotropic hormone

Question 20

regulates endocrine activity of the adrenal cortex

Answer 20

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 21

• hangs from the roof of the 3rd ventricle of the brain
• secretes melatonin
• triggers sleep/wake cycle and coordinates the hormones of fertility in humans to inhibit the reproductive system until maturity occurs

Answer 21

pineal gland

Question 22

consists of 2 lobes and a connecting isthmus
- follicles are hollow structures that store colloidal material
- known as adams apple

Answer 22

thyroid gland

Question 23

Decreases the blood calcium ion level by causing calcium to be deposited in the bones.

Answer 23

calcitonin

Question 24

the parathyroud secretes the most important regulator of calcium ion (Ca2+) homeostasis of the blood.

Answer 24

parathyroid hormone

Question 25

decreases in size throughout adulthood
- produces thymosin hormones, which are important for the development of white blood cells

Answer 25

thymus

Question 26

curve over the top of the kidneys like triangular hats. Although it looks like a single organ, it is structurally and functionally two endocrine organs in one

Answer 26

adrenal glands

Question 27

steroid hormones created by the adrenal cortex

Answer 27

corticosteroids

Question 28

produced by the outermost adrenal cortex cell layer.
- are important in regulating the mineral (or salt) content of the blood, particularly the concentrations of sodium and potassium ions

Answer 28

mineralocorticoids

Question 29

an enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, also causes the release of aldosterone by triggering a series of reactions

Answer 29

renin

Question 30

promote normal cell metabolism and help the body to resist long-term stressors, primarily by increasing the blood glucose level

Answer 30

glucocorticoids

Question 31

little masses of endocrine (hormone-producing) tissue scattered among the exocrine (enzyme-producing) tissue of the pancreas

Answer 31

islets of Langerhans (pancreatic islets)

Question 32

produce sex cells (an exocrine function). They also produce sex hormones that are identical to those produced by adrenal cortex cells

Answer 32

gonads

Question 33

The female gonads that are paired, slightly larger than almond-sized organs located in the pelvic cavity.

Answer 33

ovaries