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Human Body > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the nervous system?

A

To send signals to and from body parts.

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2
Q

Are nervous signals electronic or chemical?

A

Electronic.

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3
Q

What do nerves do?

A

Detect external stimuli and send impulses to the brain.

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4
Q

Where is the central nervous system located?

A

In the cranium + vertebral column

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5
Q

What are the 2 main parts of the central nervous system?

A

Brain
Spinal Cord

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6
Q

What 3 things make up the Peripheral nervous system?

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Ganglia (clusters of cell bodies)

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7
Q

What 3 parts of the brain are involved in the central nervous system?

A

The cerebrum
The cerebellum
The Medulla oblongata

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8
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12 pairs

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9
Q

What is the front section of the cerebrum called?

A

The frontal lobe

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10
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31 pairs

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11
Q

What is the frontal lobe involved in?

A

Memory
Reasoning
Speech
Thought
Emotion
Skilled movement

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12
Q

What is the second largest part of the brain?

A

The Cerebellum

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13
Q

Where is the Cerebellum located?

A

Underneath the back of the Cerebrum

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14
Q

What does the Cerebellum do?

A

Coordinates muscles to allow precise movements and control of balance and posture

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15
Q

Where is the Medulla Oblongata located?

A

Between the cerebrum and spinal cord

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16
Q

What does the Medulla Oblongata do?

A

Controls and regulates:-
heartbeat
Breathing
Blood pressure
Sneezing
Swallowing

17
Q

What is the brain made of?

A

Billions of interconnected neurons.

18
Q

What do neurons do?

A

Transmit messages around the body.

19
Q

What are the parts of a neuron?

A

Cell Body
Dendrite
Axon Terminal
Axon
Myelin Sheath
Nucleus
Schwann cell

20
Q

What are the three types of neuron?

A

Sensory
Relay
Motor

21
Q

What do sensory neurons do?

A

Detect changes in external/internal environments

carry signals between sensory receptors and central nervous system

22
Q

What do relay neurons do?

A

Analyse sensory input + store info

Carry signals from one part of the nervous system to another
(e.g. between a sensory + motor neuron)

23
Q

What do motor neurons do?

A

Initiate response to stimuli

Carry signals from central nervous system to effector
(e.g. Muscles or glands)

24
Q

What are central nervous system clusters called?

A

Nuclei

25
Q

What are peripheral nervous system clusters called?

A

Ganglia

26
Q

What cells can create an electric current?

A

Excitable cells

27
Q

What is a reflex arc?

A

the simplest arrangement of neurons designed to produce the fastest possible reaction to a potentially damaging stimulus

28
Q

What are the 5 components of a reflex arc?

A

Receptor
Sensory neuron
Integrating centre
Motor neuron
Effector

29
Q
A

Human Body (9 decks)

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