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Human Body > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Name the main parts of the digestive system?

A

Mouth
Salivary glands
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine,
Large intestine
Liver
Gall bladder
Pancreas

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2
Q

How many teeth on average do adults have?

A

32

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3
Q

Name the 3 types of teeth and what they do?

A

Incisors-cutting
canines - tearing
Pre-molars + molars - crushing and grinding

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4
Q

What do the salivary glands do?

A

Secrete an enzyme called Amylase into the mouth

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5
Q

What does the Pharynx do?

A

Connects the back of the mouth to the Oesophagus

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6
Q

What does the Oesophagus do?

A

It’s a long tube that passes food from the pharynx down to the stomach

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7
Q

What does the epiglottis do?

A

Covers the trachea so food doesn’t enter the respiratory system.

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8
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

It is how the muscles contract in waves to pass the food along.

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9
Q

How does the stomach aid digestion?

A

It contracts to mix up food with acid digestive enzymes which break the food down.

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10
Q

Is the stomach a muscle?

A

yes

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11
Q

What is broken down food called?

A

Chyme

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the stomach sphincters?

A

to allow the entry/exit of food

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13
Q

Where does Chyme go after the stomach?

A

To the small intestine.

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14
Q

Which is the longer intestine?

A

The small intestine

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15
Q

How is chyme moved through the small intestine?

A

By peristalsis

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16
Q

Name the 3 sections of the small intestine

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

17
Q

What does bile do?

A

Emulsifies fats
(turns them into small easy to digest droplets)

18
Q

What does the pancreas do?

A

Makes digestive Juices containing enzymes that break down fats, proteins and carbohydrates

19
Q

Where is the pancreas and what shape is it?

A

It is leaf shaped and lies behind the stomach

20
Q

What transports enzymes from the pancreas to the start of the small intestine?

A

The pancreatic duct

21
Q

What does the liver do?

A

Removes harmful substances and old blood cells from the blood stream

22
Q

What in the liver makes Bile?

A

A network of small tubes called bile ducts.

23
Q

What does the gallbladder do?

A

Bile made in the liver is stored in the gallbladder

24
Q

What does the duodenum do?

A

receives secretions from liver and pancreas

25
Q

What does the jejunum do?

A

passes nutrients to the ileum

26
Q

What does the ileum do?

A

Absorbs nutrients

27
Q

What factors help the ileum absorb nutrients?

A

It has a thin lining and villi that increase surface area.

28
Q

Describe the villi

A

small finger like structures that contain a network of capillaries

29
Q

What does the large intestine do?

A

converts chyme to faeces for excretion by absorbing water.

30
Q

What does the rectum do?

A

Faeces exits here through the anus.

Human Body (9 decks)

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