Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What are the main bones of the skeleton?
Cranium - Skull
Mandible - Jaw
Humerus - Upper arm
Radius - Forearm upper from the thumb
Ulna - forearm lower
Metacarpals - hands
Scapula - shoulderblade
Ribs - chest
Clavicle - collar bone
Sternum - breast bone
Vertebrae - spine
Pelvis - hips
Femur - thigh
Patella - knee
Tibia - shin, inner
Fibula - shin, outer
Metatarsals - feet
How many bones are in the adult skeleton?
206
Describe the skeleton
The skeleton is a rigid supporting framework of bones to which all soft tissues and organs are attached
What two things are required to maintain bones?
Vitamin D + calcium
How many bones do babies have?
Over 300
What do the muscular and skeletal systems allow?
Movement of body parts
Where are blood cells made?
The marrow of long bones - such as the femur
What does the spinal column protect?
The spinal cord
How many vertebrae does the skeleton have?
24
What are intervertebral discs?
Shock absorbers made of cartalige
Name 2 types of joint
Hinge and ball and socket
What are muscles primary function?
Movement
What are antagonistic pairs of muscles?
Where one contracts when the other relaxes which creates movement
What does the ribcage do?
Provides a supporting framework for the chest cavity and protects the internal organs in the chest and upper abdomen
What connects muscle to bone?
Tendons
What connects bone to bone?
Ligaments
What are the 4 main functions of the skeleton?
Protection
Support
Movement
Blood cell production
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
Which pairs of ribs connect to the sternum?
the upper 9 pairs
Name the front muscles and where they are.
Deltoids - shoulder
Abdominals - front of torso
Pectorals - upper chest
Biceps - front upper arm
Quadriceps - front upper leg
Name the back muscles and where they are.
Trapezius - central upper back
Triceps - Back upper arm
Latissimus Dorsi - Back
Gluteus Maximus - Backside
Hamstrings - leg
What are muscles made of?
Long muscle fibres
What are the 3 types of muscle?
Skeletal Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac muscle
Are the skeletal muscles voluntary or involuntary muscles?
Voluntary - have to think to use them
What 2 things do the skeletal muscles help us with?
Maintain Posture and balance
Regulate body temperature - they create heat when they contract
What do smooth muscles make up?
The walls of most hollow organs.
Are smooth muscles voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
What are some places smooth muscle can be found?
the walls of arteries, veins, the stomach and intestines
Where do you find Cardiac muscle?
The heart
what does cardiac muscle allow?
rhythmic contraction of the heart
