Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy & Physiology Nerves > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

The Endocrine System

A

-Involved in hormone release
-Relative to the other systems, its effects are relatively slow in
response but longer lasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Two systems of the body regulate and coordinate the activities of the body’s organ systems?

A

The Endocrine System & Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Exocrine system

A

Releases digestive enzymes via ducts to

different areas of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nervous System

A

Responds very rapidly and its effects are short lived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Maintaining Homeostasis

A

-Both systems are involved in maintaining stasis
A) involved in sensing changes in our internal and external environment
ex. Hand on stove is sensing external environment. Example of internal environment; heart rate, blood pressure.)
B) also then involved in interpreting those changes
C) then involved in initiating action to help maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Two Main Parts of Nervous System

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Central Nervous System

A
  1. Brain

2. Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Peripheral nervous system (any nervous tissue outside of the CNS/nerves that we have running through the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nerve Cell

A

The functional unit of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cell Body

A

Contains the nucleus and is responsible for the majority of the metabolic processes for that cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive information from other neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Axon

A

a long thin projection that transmits an electrical impulse to another nerve, gland, or muscle

Electrical impulse travels from the dendrites through the cell body to the axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neuronal Classification According to Structure

A

Anaxonic Nerve Cell
Unipolar Nerve Cell
Bipolar Nerve Cell
Multi Polar Neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anaxonic Nerve Cell

A

Nerve Cell in which you cannot tell the axon from the dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Unipolar Nerve Cell

A

Dendrite and the axon are continuous with the cell body lying off to one side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bipolar Nerve Cell

A

Soma(cell body) lies between the axon and the dendrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Multi-Polar Neuron

A

Has several dendrites and one long axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Locations of Nerve Cell Bodies

A

These groups perform the same general functions. Majority of the nerve cell bodies are located in the CNS. However there are certain areas where nerve cells will be located outside the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nuclei

A

-group of neurons or nerve cell bodies located in the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ganglia

A

-group of nerve cell bodies located on the outside of the CNS, Central Nervous System.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Centers

A

-group of nerve cell bodies found within the brain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Myelination

A

Axons of the CNS and the PNS are insulated from each other as they travel in bundles by cells that surround each axon

When you look at a cross section of brain tissue CNS, the areas that are myelinated are white in color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Myelin

A

Is a Lipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Two Cell Types

A

Schwann Cell
Oligodendrocyte

Function - both of these cells send out wide, flat projections that wrap around the axons of nerve cells. Bottom line is to protect one nerve cell from another nerve cell

24
Q

Gray and White Matter

A

Two colors of tissue located in the CNS and PNS

25
Q

Spinal Cord: CNS

A

Gray matter is on inside

26
Q

Gray Matter : Central Nervous System

A

the gray matter represents areas where there are cell bodies. These areas are gray in color because the cell bodies are not covered with Myelination. Gray matter is on the outside of the brain.

27
Q

Gray Matter: PNS

A

Areas where ganglia are located outside the CNS

28
Q

White Matter: CNS

A

Represents areas of myelination

29
Q

White Matter: PNS

A

Areas of myelination around the axons

30
Q

Nerve Regeneration

A

Wallerian degeneration

31
Q

Two Steps Nerve Regeneration

A

First thing that happens after the nerve is cut, macrophages migrate into the distal tunnel to phagocytize, gobble up the damaged distal stump.

Second, new schwann cells proliferate to bridge the gap towards the distal axon tunnel

32
Q

Neuroglial Cells

A

Supporting cells for neurons

33
Q

Schwann Cell

A

insulate cell of the PNS. Contain myeline in their cytoplasm. All of the yellow would represent the myeline, the fatty lipid found within the cytoplasm.

34
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

-are the myelinated cells of the CNS. They don’t look any different shape wise or morphologically.

35
Q

Functions of Schwann & Oligodendrocytes

A

-increase the speed of the electrical impulse. Prevent short circuiting. Multiple Sclerosis is the short circuiting of the central nervous system, because of the degeneration that occurs in the myelination cells

37
Q

Axolemma

A

-is the cell membrane of the axon

38
Q

General Senses of the body (Could be general or Specific)

A

Pain Temperature Touch Pressure

39
Q

Proprioception

A

Brains ability to interpret where you are in space. Brains validity of where your body part is.

40
Q

Gustation

A

Taste

41
Q

Auditory

A

Sound

42
Q

Baro Reception

A

Pressure receptors inside the body. Pressure receptors on the surface of the body and inside the body.

43
Q

Sensory receptors in the periphery of the body that tell our brain that the blood pressure is too high or too low

A

Baro Reception

44
Q

From the Periphery to the Central Nervous System

A

Afferent Sensory System

45
Q

Efferent System

A

refers to an effect that is happening. Cause and Effect. Create an Effect.

46
Q

Motor system

A

Efferent System

47
Q

Sending information from the CNS out to the PNS to cause something to happen

A

Efferent System

48
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Controls the skeletal muscles

49
Q

If we contract the muscle, input goes to CNS, Brain or cord tells how much to contract to give continuous feedback to allow something to happen

A

Somatic Nervous System

50
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

predominantly motor system going to 1 of 4 things: Skeletal Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle, and Gland

51
Q

Axons

A

Long projection that projects away from the body

52
Q

Transmits an electrical impulse to another nerve, muscle, or gland

A

Axons

53
Q

Function of Myelination

A

Increase the speed of the electrical impulse. Prevent Short Circuiting

54
Q

Auto-Immune System

A

normal cells but the immune system is now destroying them

55
Q

Abnormal Cells that are growing inside our body and our bodies immune systems inability to recognize those cells to destroy them

A

Cancer

56
Q

Cell Membrane of Schwann Cells

A

Neurilemma

57
Q

Spaces in between Schwann Cells

A

Nodes of Ranvier

58
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

Spaces in between Schwann Cells don’t butt up against each other

59
Q

Bring in information and interpret what it means

A

Afferent Sensory System

Human Anatomy & Physiology Nerves (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions