Nervous System

Question 1

primary functional cell of the nervous system

Answer 1

Neuron

Question 2

supporting cells, e.g. astrocytes

Answer 2

Neuroglia

Question 3

something that excites or activates

Answer 3

Stimulus

Question 4

a wave of excitation transmitted through nervous tissue

Answer 4

Impulse

Question 5

an automatic, involuntary response to change

Answer 5

Reflex

Question 6

cell body

Nerve Cells - Neuron Parts

Answer 6

Soma

Question 7

transmit electrical signals toward the cell body

Nerve Cells - Neuron Parts

Answer 7

Dendrites

Question 8

conduct electrical signals away from the cell body

Nerve Cells - Neuron Parts

Answer 8

Axon

Question 9

conduct signals from receptors to the central nervous system (CNS)

Functional Classification

Answer 9

Sensory or afferent

Question 10

conduct signals from the CNS to effector organs such as muscles and glands

Functional Classification

Answer 10

Motor or efferent

Question 11

conduct signals from one neuron to another, and are mainly confined to the CNS

Functional Classification

Answer 11

Interneurons or association neurons

Question 12

having only one process

Neuron Structural Classification

Answer 12

Unipolar

Question 13

having one dendrite and one axon, and these are common in sensory system

Neuron Structural Classification

Answer 13

Bipolar

Question 14

are sensory neurons having their single dendrite and axon fused resulting to a single process appearance

Neuron Structural Classification

Answer 14

Pseudounipolar

Question 15

having a number of dendrites and a single axon.

Neuron Structural Classification

Answer 15

Multipolar

Question 16

regulate extracellular brain fluid composition; promote tight junctions to form blood-brain barrier

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 16

Astrocytes

Question 17

line brain ventricles and spinal cord central canal; help form choroid plexuses that secrete CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid)

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 17

Ependymal cells

Question 18

is a clear, colorless, watery fluid that flows in and around your brain and spinal cord.

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 18

CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid)

Question 19

specialized macrophage

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 19

Microglia

Question 20

form the myelin sheaths that surrounds axon of neurons in the CNS (Central Nervous System

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 20

Oligodendrocytes

Question 21

wrap around portion of only one axon to form myelin sheath of the neuron in the PNS.

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 21

Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes

Question 22

surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia; provide support and nutrients

Nerve Cells – Neuroglia

Answer 22

Satellite cells

Question 23

The connective tissue coverings of the brain (cranial) and spinal cord (spinal).

CNS – Layers

Answer 23

Meninges

Question 24

, the thick outermost layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue

CNS – Layers

Answer 24

Dura mater or Pachymeninx

Question 25

the middle layer with thin filaments creating a weblike appearance | CNS – Layers

Answer 25

Arachnoid

Question 26

the innermost layer that directly covers the surface of the brain | CNS – Layers

Answer 26

Pia mater

Question 27

combination of arachnoid plus the pia mater | CNS – Layers

Answer 27

Leptomeninx

Question 28

- Letter H; Inner /deep, composed mainly of nerve cell bodies | Spinal Cords Parts

Answer 28

Gray matter/substance

Question 29

- Superficially; nerve fibers predominate | Spinal Cords Parts

Answer 29

White matter/substance

Question 30

- largest part - Touch, vision, hearing, speech reasoning, emotions, learning & the control movements. | CNS - Brain

Answer 30

Cerebrum

Question 31

- Co-ordinate muscle movements, maintain posture, and balance. | CNS - Brain

Answer 31

Cerebellum

Question 32

- includes medulla oblongata, pons, mesencephalon and the diencephalon - Relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. Breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep cycles, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing. | CNS - Brain

Answer 32

Braistem

Question 33

for judgement, foresight, and voluntary movement | Lobes

Answer 33

frontal lobe

Question 34

for comprehension of language | Lobes

Answer 34

parietal lobe

Question 35

as the primary visual area | Lobes

Answer 35

occipital lobe

Question 36

for intellectual and emotional functions | Lobes

Answer 36

temporal lobe

Question 37

controls body temperature, reproductive functions, eating, sleeping, and the display of emotions.

Answer 37

Forebrain (prosencephalon)

Question 38

associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

Answer 38

Midbrain (mesencephalon)

Question 39

controls functions outside conscious control, such as breathing and blood flow.

Answer 39

Hindbrain (rhombencephalon)

Question 40

are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem)

Answer 40

Cranial Nerves

Question 41

Smell | Cranial Nerves

Answer 41

Olfactory Lobes

Question 42

Vision | Cranial Nerves

Answer 42

Optic

Question 43

Eye movements | Cranial Nerves

Answer 43

Oculomotor & Trochlear & Abducens

Question 44

Facial touch, temperature, and pain | Cranial Nerves

Answer 44

Trigeminal

Question 45

Chewing, saliva production, taste buds | Cranial Nerves

Answer 45

Facial

Question 46

Maintain equilibrium, hearing | Cranial Nerves

Answer 46

Vestibulocochlear

Question 47

Throat and tongue movement, swallowing | Cranial Nerves

Answer 47

Glossopharyngeal

Question 48

Heart and lung signals | Cranial Nerves

Answer 48

Vagus

Question 49

Neck muscle and motor functions | Cranial Nerves

Answer 49

Accessory

Question 50

Tongue and chewing movements, speech | Cranial Nerves

Answer 50

Hypoglossal