NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards
Organs of PNS:
12 Cranial Nerves
31 Spinal Nerves
what are the 31 spinal nerves:
Cervical spinal Nerve - 8 pairs
Thoracic spinal nerves - 12 pairs
Lumbar spinal nerves - 5 pairs
Sacral spinal nerve - 5 pairs
Coccygeal spinal nerve - 1 pair
has voluntary innervation WITHOUT interruptions along the course
Somatic NS
has involuntary innervation WITH interruptions along the course
Autonomic NS
it is where the pre and post ganglionic fibers synapse
not a center of reflex action
Autonomic Ganglia
origin of post-ganglionic fibers of CN3 to sphincter pupillae
ciliary ganglion (Parasympathetic outflow)
origin of post-ganglionic fibers to dilator pupillae
superior cervical ganglion (Sympathetic outflow)
Sympathetic cell bodies of pre-ganglionic neurons are found at:
Thoraco-Lumbar segments of spinal cord
Parasympathetic cell bodies of pre-ganglionic neurons are found at:
cranio-sacral parts of NS
Weight of brain:
1,345 grams MALE
1,245 grams FEMALE
convolutions of the brain:
Gyri / Gyrus
shallow grooves of brain
Sulci / sulcus
deep grooves at the brain:
Fissures
Parts of the Brain:
Cerebrum / cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brain stem
Largest and most ventral part of the brain
Cerebrum
cerebrum is divided into?
2 cerebral hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure
functions of Frontal Lobe:
Thinking
planning
Executive Function
MOTOR EXECUTION
function of Parietal lobes:
somatosensory perception
Integration of Visual & somato-spatial information
functions of Temporal lobes:
Language and Auditory
Long term memory and Emotion
Fissures of the cerebrum:
Longitudinal fissure - divides cerebrum to L & R hemisphere
Central Fissure (ROLANDO) - separates Frontal & Parietal
Lateral fissure(SYLVIAN) - separates Temporal from frontal & parietal
Parieto-occipital fissure - separates occipital from parietal
Transverse fissure - separates cerebrum from cerebelluim
damage to Extra-pyramidal tract:
spastic paralysis
damage to Pyramidal tract:
flaccid paralysis
area for short-term memory
Broca’s area
area for long term memory:
Temporal lobes
Primary Control motor activities
Basal ganglia
structure that secretes dopamine:
Substancia Nigra
system that controls:
emotion
behavior
motivation
aggression
sexual activity
instinctive response
Limbic System
contains the Nuclei of CN#3 & CN#4:
Midbrain
Pneumotaxic center (apnea & exhale):
Contains nuclei of CN#5 -CN#8
Pons varolli
contains nuclei of CN#9 TO CN#12
Medulla oblongata