Nervous System Flashcards
What is a nerve cell called?
Neuron
Name the structures of a nerve cell
Dendrite, Cell body, Axon, Axon Terminals.
The spinal cord and brain make up the __________ nervous system.
Central (CNS)
What type of neurons send the message from the CNS to the skeletal muscle to tell it to contract? A sensory or motor neuron?
Motor
What is the myelin sheath made up of?
Neuroglia
Is the autonomic nervous system voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What is the name of your fight or flight division of the nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system
What is the role of the nervous system in the body?
Helps to maintain homeostasis. Is responsible for all behaviours, memories and movements.
There is the Central Nervous System that contains the brain and spinal cord, what is the other system called?
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The nervous system is designed to…. ?
Detect changes, process information & respond
Describe the structure and function of the neuromuscular junction
When a neuron/nerve cell meets a muscle cell, there is a gap (synapse) that nerve impulses must cross. This is aided by chemical neurotransmitters secreted at the end of the axon. (calcium is also needed)
List the 5 steps for the neuromuscular junction
- Arrives at Axon terminals
- Neurotransmitters released from secretory vesicle
- NT crosses the synapse to receptors on muscle fiber.
- Muscle fiber is stimulated to contract
- NT is recycled back into axon terminal.
What is a reflex?
A quick predictable response to a stimulus
List the components of a reflex arc from stimulus to response
- Sensory receptor, 2. Sensory neuron, 3. CNS, 4. Motor neuron, 5. Effector
Name the 3 main regions of the brain and their overall function
Cerebrum - coordination, balance and posture.
Cerebellum - memories, thinking, learning, movement that is voluntary.
Brainstem - basic survival activities, breathing, heartbeat etc