Genetics and Inheritance

Question 1

Define gene?

Answer 1

Small segments of DNA that code for a specific trait

Question 2

What are autosomes?

Answer 2

All chromosomes except for the sex chromosomes

Question 3

The pair of chromosomes that determine the genetic sex of an individual are called?

Answer 3

Sex chromosome

Question 4

Define locus?

Answer 4

The position/location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 5

What are alleles?

Answer 5

Genes that control a particular trait at the same locus on homologous chromosomes

Question 6

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 6

A pair of chromosomes that possess genes for the same trait. (1 from mum, 1 from dad)

Question 7

A gene that is only expressed when there is no dominant gene is called?

Answer 7

Recessive

Question 8

A dominant gene is _____ expressed

Answer 8

Always

Question 9

Homozygous is an individual with the _____ genes/alleles on homologous chromosomes (e.g. RR or rr)

Answer 9

Same

Question 10

When an individual has different genes/alleles on homologous chromosomes (e.g. Rr) it is called?

Answer 10

Heterozygous

Question 11

What it the term to describe the genetic makeup of an individual. The combination of alleles present at one or more chromosomal location?

Answer 11

Genotype

Question 12

What is the term to describe the physical characteristics/ the way a person looks?

Answer 12

Phenotype

Question 13

Define genetics

Answer 13

The study of genes and heredity