Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the function of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen
What is the function of white blood cells?
Fight infection
What is the function of platelets?
Blood clotting
What type of blood vessels take blood away from the heart?
Artery
What type of blood vessels bring blood back to the heart?
Vein
What type of blood vessels are very thin and is where gas exchange happens?
Capillaries
What blood vessels connect arteries and capillaries?
Arterioles (can control blood pressure)
What blood vessels connect capillaries and veins?
Venules
Where are red blood cells produced?
Red bone marrow
How many different types of white blood cells are there?
Five – Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes
Name the 3 components of the cardiovascular system.
Heart, blood vessels and blood.
Which component of the cardiovascular systems function is to carry blood to cells in body + help regulate body temperature and blood pressure?
Blood vessels
What are the functions of blood?
To carry materials needed (o2 and nutrients) to cells and remove waste. Transport hormones, help regulate pH, temperature, pressure and water content, a body defense.
What is the function of the heart?
Pump blood into arteries
Blood is made up of __% blood plasma and __% formed element?
55%, 45%
Which white blood cell releases histamines in allergic reactions?
Basophils
Which white blood cell is especially effective against parasitic worms?
Eosinophils
What are Neutrophils?
Phagocytes - against bacteria
Which white blood cells get rid of worn out cells and can become phagocytes?
Monocytes
What do Lymphocytes do? (T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells)
Attack and destroy a variety of microbes and dangerous cells.
Describe the blood flow through the heart starting at the inferior and superior vena cava
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary arteries/trunk. Oxygenated blood returns via pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta to the cells.
True or false, veins carry blood to the heart?
True
What is the normal range for blood pH?
7.35 to 7.45
A neutral pH, temperature of 37 degrees, oxygen & water and nutrients such as proteins, glucose and fats are all factors that ______ microbial infections of blood?
Aid
What hinders microbial infections of blood?
Antibodies, rapidly moving blood, blood cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, leukocytes), blood recirculating through the spleen and liver-sinusoids
Describe sepsis?
Presence of toxins or disease causing bacteria in blood and tissue
What is another name for blood poisoning caused by rapid multiplication of pathogens?
Septicemia
Name the main types of microbes causing infection of the blood
Bacteria - S. aureus, Viruses - HIV, Ebola, Dengue fever & Protozoa - Malaria, Toxoplasmosis
