Nervous Communication Flashcards

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1
Q

Dendrins

A

To cell body

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2
Q

Axon

A

Away from cell body

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3
Q

Motor vs sensory

A

Motor cell body at end sensory in centre
Motor = no dendrimer Sensory= dendron
Motor cell body in cns sensory cell body in pns

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4
Q

Myelinated neuron

A

Insulated neuron impulse at faster speed
Node of ranvier electrical impulse jump from node to node saltatory process

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5
Q

Sensory receptor

A

Acts as transducer converts stimulus into nervous impulse

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6
Q

Pascinian corpuscle

A

Resting potential
Pressure -> Na channels change shape
Na channels open Na diffuse in
Depolarised -> generator potential

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7
Q

Action potential

A

Stimulus cause na + channels to open na+ diffuse in
Depolarisation if pd big enough reach threshold open vgscs and more Na+ diffuse in
Repolarisation Na channels close K channels open K+ let out
Hyperpolaristaion vgpcs close
Resting potential

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8
Q

Refractory period

A

K+ channels delayed close so AP doesn’t move backward unidirectional

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9
Q

Propagation

A

Movement of ap along neurone
Na diffuse sideways causing vgscs in adjacent region to open along neuron

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10
Q

Saltatory conduction

A

Depolarisation only occurs at nodes Ap jumps from node to node
Speedier reduce Na channels opening and closing
Less ATP

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11
Q

Synapses

A

Ap reaches end of synaptic knob depolarisation causes Ca channels to open
This causes vesicles containing neurotransmitter to fuse w membrane
Neurotransmitter diffuse across cleft
Bind w receptor opening Na channels
If threshold Ap generated

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12
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Voluntary actions

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13
Q

Autonomic

A

Sympathetic fight or flight
Parasympathetic rest and digest

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14
Q

Brain responsible for controlling heart rate

A

Medulla oblongata

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15
Q

2 centres within medulla

A

Impulse through sympathetic - accelerator nerve
Impulse through parasympathetic- vagus nerve

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16
Q

Change in pH

A

Chemoreceptors
If CO2 increase carbonic acid forms decrease in pH - increase heart rate
Blood flows quicker to lungs
If blood pH increases - recept in aorta/carotid arteries reduction of impulses sent to medulla sent to SAN

17
Q

Pressure changes

A

Baroreceptors in aorta/carotid arteries detect
If too high impulse to medulla oblongata then sends impulse along parasympathetic to SAN to decrease heart rate
If too low impulse sent to medulla oblongata which sends impulse down sympathetic neuron to incr heart rate

18
Q

Neuron at rest

A

3 Na in
2K out
Potassium most permeable to facilitated diffusion
Electrochemical gradient exists
More positive ions outside the cell than inside - electrochemical gradient

19
Q

Direction of ions during depolarisation

A

Na into the cytoplasm