Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Histology > Nervous > Flashcards

Nervous Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the two components of the CNS?

A

brain

spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the components of the PNS?

A

All nervous tissue outside of the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which neuron is the most common?

A

Multipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of neuron is at the Dorsal Root Ganglion?

A

Pseudounipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which ways do afferent and efferent neurons travel?

A

Afferent- carry impulses to the CNS

Efferent- carry impulses away from the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Matching.

Afferent
Efferent

Motor Neurons
Sensory Neurons

A

Afferent- Sensory Neurons

Efferent- Motor Neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Perikaryon?

A

Cytoplasm; surrounds the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of Nissl Bodies?

A

Protein Synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the fx. of Cytoskeleton?

A

Neurofilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the fx. of Microtubules?

A

Intracellular transport

Cellular/Axonal Transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Lipofuscin?

A

Residual bodies from Lysosomal Digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Axon Hillock?

A

short segment leaving the Perikaryon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the Initial site of microtubule bundling?

A

Axon Hillock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is another name of Collateral Branches?

A

Axon Branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Kinesin uses which type of Axonal Transport?

A

Anterograde

Travels from Perikaryon to Synapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dyenin uses which type of Axonal Transport?

A

Retrograde

Travels from Synapses to Perikaryon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which Axonal Transport pathway is considered the Salvage Pathway?

A

Retrograde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Do Dendrites have Golgi App.?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the Node of Ranvier?

A

Between myelinated cells? they are unmyelinated themselves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the fx. of Astrocytes?

A
  • Repair nerve tissue/maintain nutrients
  • blood brain barrier
  • structural support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the fx. of Microglia?

A

Resident macrophages’ Phagocytic Fx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the fx. of Ependymal?

A

Ciliated cells that line the CSF and make CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the fx. of Oligodendrocyte?

A

Makes the myelin sheath; similar to Schwann Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Give 4 facts about Electrical Synapse?

A
  • Smaller than chemical synapse
  • Conduct faster
  • Bidirectional
  • Na/K causes changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Give 4 facts about Chemical Synapse?
- Uses Neurotransmitters - Slower than electrical synapses - Activate muscular/glandular tissue - Ca causes changes
26
Which neuron has axons on both sides?
Pseudounipolar
27
Which neuron sends signals in one direction?
Multipolar
28
Which neuron is centrally located in the cell body?
Bipolar
29
Which neuron has many dendrites?
Multipolar
30
What point along the Neuron where an AP can occur?
Nodes of Ranvier
31
Where is the white and gray matter found in Cerebellum?
White- Inside | Gray- Outside
32
What is GM composed of in the Cerebellum?
Nerve Fibers | Cell Bodies
33
List the (3) layers of GM in the Cerebellum
1. Molecular Layer 2. Purkinje Cell Layer 3. Inner Granular Layer
34
What is in the ML or GM of Cerebellum?
Unmyelinated Nerve Fibers
35
What is in the GL or GM of Cerebellum?
Large flask-shaped cells; Purkinje Cells whose dendrites penetrate ML
36
What is in the ML or GM of Cerebellum?
Packed with small multipolar neurons
37
Where is GM and WM found in the Spinal Cord?
GM- Inside | WM- Outside
38
Describe Dura Mater
- Dense CT - Connected to Periosteum - Well vascularized - Outer layer of Menenges
39
Describe Arachnoid
- Spidery-like appendages connecting inner/outer layer - Lined with ependymal cells - Trabeculae filled with CSF
40
Describe Pia Mater
- Thin inner layer - Mostly collagen fibers - Squamos cells - BV - maintains BBB
41
What is the fx of Nerve Endings?
Convert | - Physical or Chemical Stimuli -> Electrical Energy
42
How are nerve endings classified?
Afferent vs. Efferent Cause of Stim. Morphology (P.Corpuscles, M. Corpuscles, Free Endings, Muscle Spindles, Golgi Tendon Organ)
43
Where is a Fibrous Astrocyte found?
White Matter
44
Where is a Protoplasmic Astrocyte found?
Gray Matter
45
Name and tell what is in the 3 layers of Meninges?
1. Dura Mater -> well vascularized 2. Arachnoid Space -> CSF 3. Pia Mater -> collagen
46
Dorsal Root Ganglion Sensory or Motor Neuron? Afferent or Efferent?
- Sensory Neuron | - Afferent
47
What is the difference between the Schwann Cell & Oligodendrocyte?
Both myelinate; but SC -> PNS O -> CNS
48
Which Division of the Nervous System is formed from Neural Tube?
CNS
49
Which division of the Nervous System is formed from Neural Crest Cells?
PNS
50
Retina, cochlear, olfactory are all found in which Neuron type? (THINK YOU HAVE TWO EARS, EYES, NOSTRILS= 2 DENDRITIC PROCESSES)
Bipolar
51
Dorsal Root Ganglia is which type of Neuron?
Pseudounipolar
52
Interneurons consist mostly of ______ (type of neuron).
Multipolar
53
Where is the Axon Hillock and what is its fx?
Short segment from Axon Initial site of Microtubule bundling
54
Where is the initial stimulus integrated signal down axon?
Initial segment
55
Calcium Channels carry NT down which Axonal Transport?
Anterograde Transport
56
Which Axonal Transport mechanism transports cytoskeletal components?
Retrograde Transport
57
What are the two layers of Cerebrum Cortex?
Superficial | Pyramidal
58
What is the fx. of the Cerebrum Cortex?
higher thought process | coordination of movement
59
Fx. of Amygdala
Memory & Emotional Behavior
60
Fx. of Hippocampus
Transfers memories from short term -> long term
61
Fx. of Basal Ganglia
Controls/Synchronizes movements
62
Fx. of Medulla
Regulates HR, breathing, digestion
63
Fx. of Midbrain
Hearing & Sight reflexes
64
Fx. of Pons
REM Sleep
65
Fx. of Cerebellum
Movement, reflexes; | sense of balance
66
What are the three layers of the Cerebellum and what are they composed of?
Molecular Layer -> unmyelinated nerve fibers Purkinje Cell Layer -> dendrites penetrate ML Inner Granular Layer ->multipolar neurons
67
What are the three layers of Meninges and what are they composed of?
Dura Mater -> dense CT; highly vascularized Arachnoid -> holds trabeculae; Secrete CSF Pia Mater -> Collagen Fibers; squamos ep.
68
What type of Glial Cell is found at the Blood Brain Barrier?
Astrocytes
69
Which glial cell secretes CSF?
Ependymal
70
What are the (3) components of CSF?
Choroid Plexus Circulation Hydrocephalus
71
Fx. of Choroid Plexus
- highly vascularized - responsible for formation of CSF - lines portion of ventricles
72
Fx. of Circulation
-Fills ventricles, central spinal chord canal sub. arachnoid space & perivascular spaces
73
Fx. Hydrocephalus
Problem caused when CSF is blocked from exiting ventricles
74
What are the 3 nerve coverings and what do they individually cover?
Epineurium -> covers large nerve Perineurium -> covers nerve bundles Endoneurium -> covers nerve fibers (vascularized)
75
Dorsal Root Ganglia are primarily composed of which neuron type?
Pseudounipolar
76
Autonomic Ganglia are which type of Neurons and travel in which direction?
Multi-Polar Neurons; Efferent Pathway
77
What NT is released by Cholinergic Junctions and which pathway do they primarily travel? Which portion of the PNS do they fall in?
ACH; Efferent | Parasympathetic
78
What NT is released by Adrenergic Junctions and which pathway do they primarily travel?
NE; Post Ganglionic Sympathetic Neurons

Histology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions