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Medicine Year 1 - Semester 2 - Part 1 > Nerves of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Nerves of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the structure of the brachial plexus

A

It follows a pattern of :

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches

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2
Q

What is the brachial plexus ?

A

The entirety of the motor and sensory nerve supply to the upper limb.

Sensory and motor derive from the ventral rami of C5-T1

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3
Q

Plexus

A

An intricate network or arrangement

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4
Q

Dermatome

A

An areas of skin innervated by a spinal segment
Variation and overlap

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5
Q

C6

A

Thumb

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6
Q

C7

A

Middle finger

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7
Q

C8

A

Little finger

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8
Q

T10

A

Belly button

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9
Q

T4

A

Nipples

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10
Q

Myotome

A

A group of muscles innervated by a single spinal segment

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11
Q

Where is the brachial plexus located ?

A

In the root of the neck.
Extending from the ventral rami of C5-T1

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12
Q

State the roots of the brachial plexus

A

Anterior Rami
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

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13
Q

State the trunks of the brachial plexus

A

C5+6 - Superior Trunk
C7- Middle Trunk
C8+T1 - Inferior Trunk

These are found before the clavicle (usually)

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14
Q

State the divisions of the brachial plexus

A

Superior Trunk : Anterior division + Anterior division to join middle posterior

Middle Trunk : Posterior division + Posterior division to join superior anterior + Posterior division to join inferior anterior

Inferior Trunk : Anterior Division

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15
Q

State the cords of the brachial plexus

A

Anterior division : Lateral cord
Posterior division : Posterior cord
Anterior division Medial cord

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16
Q

State the branches of the brachial plexus

A

Branches are called “Terminal Nerves”

Musculocutaneous Nerve
(Radial nerve)
Median Nerve
(Axillary nerve)
Ulnar Nerve

17
Q

Function of the Musculocutaneous nerve

A

Supplies :

Arm, anterior compartment muscles

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

18
Q

Function of the Median nerve

A

Supplies :

Forearm, Anterior compartment muscles
Hand, thenar muscles

1/2 skin of palm

19
Q

Function of the Ulnar nerve

A

Supplies :

Forearm, 1 1/2 muscles
Hand, small muscles

1/2 skin of hand

20
Q

Function of the Radial nerve

A

Supplies :

Arm, Posterior compartment muscles

Forearm, posterolateral skin
Hand, dorsal skin

21
Q

Function of the axillary nerve

A

Supplies :

Deltoid and Teres Minor muscles

Skin of supra-lateral arm

22
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve

A

C5-7

23
Q

Axillary nerve

A

C5,6

24
Q

Median nerve

A

C6-T1

25
Q

Radial nerve

A

C5-T1

26
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

C(7), 8, T1

27
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

Nor part of the brachial plexus
Supplies the diaphragm
C3,4,5

28
Q

1st intercostal nerve

A

T1

29
Q

Long thoracic nerve

A

C5,6,7
Supplies serratus anterior

30
Q

Clinical relevance of long thoracic nerve

A

When doing chest drains you may damage the long thoracic nerve in the chest wall

31
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve

A

Supplies the rhomboids (sometimes levator scapulae)

32
Q

Suprascapular nerve

A

Goes to the suprascapular notch

Suprascapular foramen
Artery above, nerve below

33
Q

Subclavius nerve

A

Small nerve that anchors and stabilises clavicle

34
Q

Lateral pectoral nerve

A

Supplies pectoralis major

35
Q

Lower subscapular
Thoracodorsal
Upper subscapular

A

Supplies :

subscapularis
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi

36
Q

Medial ante brachial cutaneous
Medial brachial cutaneous
Medial pectoral

A

Cutaneous - medial forearm
pectoral - pectorals major and minor

37
Q

Intercostal brachial nerve

A

T2
Cutaneous in axilla

38
Q

Upper Brachial plexus injury

A

Erb’s palsy
- Affects Roots C5,6
- (waiters tip sign)

39
Q

Lower Brachial plexus injury

A

Klumpkey’s palsy
- Affects Roots C8, T1
- (claw hand - intrinsic hand muscles)

Medicine Year 1 - Semester 2 - Part 1 (51 decks)

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