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Anatomy: Block 3- Thorax and Abdomen > Nerves of the Thorax and Abdomen > Flashcards

Nerves of the Thorax and Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three subdivisions of the diaphragm

A

Sternal, Costal, Lumbar

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2
Q

What is the distal attachment of quadratus lumborum m.

A

The iliac crest

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3
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the iliacus m.

A

The iliac fossa

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4
Q

What spinal cord fibers make up the subcostal n.?

A

Ventral rami of T12

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5
Q

What fiber types are contained with the subcostal n?

A

GSE and GSA

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6
Q

What spinal cord fibers make up the Iliohypogastric n?

A

The superior branch of ventral rami of L1

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7
Q

What fiber types are contained within the iliohypogastric n.?

A

GSE and GSA

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8
Q

What spinal cord fibers make up the ilioinguinal n.?

A

Inferior branch of ventral rami of L1

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9
Q

What fiber types are contained within the ilioiguinal n.?

A

GSE and GSA

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10
Q

What supplies sensation to the anterior scrotum?

A

Ilioinguinal n.

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11
Q

What spinal cord fibers make up the genitofemoral n.?

A

Ventral rami of L1, L2

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12
Q

Where in the inguinal canal is the genital branch of genitofemoral n?

A

Within the spermatic cord

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13
Q

What fiber types are contained within the genital branch of the genitofemoral n.

A

GSE and GSA

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14
Q

What fiber types are contained within the femoral branch of the genitofemoral n.?

A

GSA

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15
Q

What is the afferent limb of the cremasteric reflex?

A

The femoral branch of the genitofemoral n.

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16
Q

What is the efferent limb of the cremasteric reflex?

A

The genital branch of the genitofemoral n.

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17
Q

What spinal nerve fibers make up the lateral femoral cutaneous n.?

A

Ventral rami of L2, L3,

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18
Q

What spinal nerve fibers make up the femoral n.?

A

Dorsal divisions of ventral rami of L2, L3, L4

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19
Q

What fiber types make up the femoral n.?

A

GSE and GSA

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20
Q

What spinal cord segments make up the obturator n.?

A

Ventral divisions of vetral rami of L2, L3, L4

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21
Q

What spinal cord nerve fibers make up the lumbrosacral trunk?

A

L4, L5

22
Q

In GVE nerves, are the pre-, post-ganglionic, or both nerves myelinated?

A

Preganlionic

23
Q

What are the sympathetic prevertebral ganglia within the abdomen?

A

Celiac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, aorticorenal ganglia

24
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

SA node

25
Q

What is the pathway of intrinsic nerve supply to the heart?

A

SA node–> AV node–> AV bundle of HIs–> left and right bundle branches–> purkinje fibers

26
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the heart originates in what spinal levels of IMLCC?

A

T1-T5

27
Q

Which nerves provide a direct route from sympathetic chain ganglia to the heart?

A

Cardiopulmonary splanchnic nn.

28
Q

What nerves provide an indirect route for sympathetics from cervical sympathetic ganglia?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior cardiac nn.

29
Q

What provides parasympathetic innervation of the heart? What is the location of cell bodies?

A

Vagus- dorsal motor nucleus of X

30
Q

What GVA fibers course with sympathetics? Which GVA fibers course with parasympathetics?

A

Pain; Reflexes, nausea, hunger

31
Q

Where are the postsynaptic cell bodies of parasympathetic innervation to the heart located?

A

Within the walls of the heart

32
Q

What fibers are contained within the cardiac plexus

A

Postganglionic sympathetics, preganglionic parasympathetics, GVAs from the heart

33
Q

What are the effects of sympathetic innervation to the heart?

A

Increased rate and strength of contraction, dilation of coronary vessels

34
Q

What are the effects of sympathetic innervation to the lungs?

A

Bronchodilation, reduction in bronchial secretions

35
Q

What are the effects of parasympathetic innervation to the heart?

A

Decreases rate and strength of contraction; constriction of coronary vessels

36
Q

What are the the effects of parasympathetic innervation to the lungs?

A

Bronchoconstriction; stimulation of bronchial secretions

37
Q

From what spinal cord segments of the IMLCC do sympathetics innervating the abdomen originate?

A

T5-L2

38
Q

What supplies parasympathetic innervation to the abdomen and pelvis?

A

Vagus and Pelvic splanchnics

39
Q

What are the sympathetic functions within the abdomen?

A

Inhibition of peristalsis, vasoconstriction, increased sphincter tone, release of adrenaline into bloodstream

40
Q

What are the parasympathetic functions within the abdomen?

A

Stimulation of peristalsis, increased digestive secretions, decreased sphincter tone

41
Q

Which splanchnic nerves are parasympathetic?

A

Pelvic splanchnics

42
Q

What spinal cord segments give rise to the greater splanchnic n.?

A

T5-T9; celiac ganglion

43
Q

What spinal cord segments give rise to the lesser splanchnic n.? Where does it synapse?

A

T10-T11; superior mesenteric ganglion

44
Q

What spinal cord segments give rise to the Least splanchnic n.? Where does it synapse?

A

T12; aorticorenal ganglion

45
Q

What nerves are contained within the greater splanchnic?

A

myelinated, preganglionic GVE fibers, and GVA fibers

46
Q

Before synapsing on the celiac ganglion the greater splanchic sends off a branch that synapses on what? What is the effect of this innervation?

A

Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla; secretion of epinephrine

47
Q

What are the contents of the celiac plexus?

A

Celiac ganglion, preganglionic sympathetics (greater splanchnic), GVAs (greater splanchnic), postganglionic sympathetics, preganglionic parasympathetics (vagus n)

48
Q

What are the contents of the superior mesenteric plexus?

A

Superior mesenteric ganglion, preganglionic sympathetics (lesser splanchnic), GVAs (lesser splanchnic), postganglionic sympathetics, preganglionic parasympathetics (vagus)

49
Q

What are the contents of the inferior mesenteric plexus?

A

Inferior mesenteric ganglion, upper two lumbar splanchnics (pregang. symp and GVA), Postganglionic sympathetics

50
Q

What are the physical causes of visceral pain?

A

Sudden distention, strong contractions, ischemia

Anatomy: Block 3- Thorax and Abdomen (5 decks)

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