nerves and vessels of the lower leg Flashcards
which is the smallest of the 2 branches of the sciatic nerve?
common fibular nerve
what fibers does the common fibular contain?
fibers from L4, L5, S1, S2
what 2 parts does the common fibular nerve divide into?
superficial and deep fibular nerve
what are the branches of the common fibular nerve?
1 sural communicating- joins sural branch tibia and helps supply skin on the posterior aspect of the leg
2 lateral sural cutaneous- skin on prox lat posterior leg
3 articular- knee joint
what are the common ways to injure the common fibular nerve? (5)
1 plaster casts
2 fractures at proximal end of fibula
3 prolonged kneeling or squatting
4 prolonged kneeling with crossed legs
5 stretched when knee joint is injured
clinical problems from damage to common fibular nerve (6)
1 all anterior and lateral leg muscles may be involved
2 loss of dorsiflexion- foot drop
3 loss of eversion
4 loss of extension of toes
5 diminished foot inversion
6 loss of sensation over dorsum foot or lat leg
deep fibular nerve contains fibers from?
L4, L5, S1
where does the deep fibular nerve travel?
arises at the neck of the fibula and descends with the anterior tibial artery into the anterior compartment of the leg
what are the 3 branches of the deep fibular nerve?
1 muscular- muscles ant leg and dorsum foot
2 articular- inferior tibiofibular and ankle joints
3 cutaneous- skin webspace 1st and 2nd digits
the anterior tibial artery is a smaller terminal branch of what?
popliteal artery
the anterior tibial artery begins at the lower portion of the popliteal fossa and passes through?
an opening in the proximal portion of the interosseus membrane
the anterior tibial artery becomes superficial on the dorsum of the foot as?
dorsal pedis artery
the lateral terminal branch of the common fibular nerve is the?
superficial fibular nerve
the superficial fibular nerve contains fibers from?
L4, L5, S1
where does the superficial fibular nerve travel?
lateral leg through fibularis longus and brevis and extensor digitorum longus to distal end of leg
what are the 2 branches of the superficial fibular nerve?
1 motor- fibularis longus and brevis
2 cutaneous- skin ant leg and dorsum foot
ankle sprains may cause a traction injury to which nerve? possibly parasthesia as well
superficial fibular nerve
which nerve crosses the popliteal fossa, superficial to the popliteal artey and vein?
tibial nerve
as the tibial nerve enters the plantar surface of the foot it divides into?
medial and lateral plantar nerve
where does the tibial nerve travel?
deep to the soleus, behind the malleolus, between the flexor digitorum and flexor hallicus longus
what is the segmental innervation of the tibial nerve?
L4-S3
what are the branches of the tibial nerve? (4)
1 motor supply to posterior leg
2 sural nerve
3 medial calcaneal
4 articular supply to knee and ankle joints
what is the larger of the 2 terminal branches of the popliteal artery?
posterior tibial artery
what does the posterior tibial artery divide into?
medial and lateral plantar arteries
what is the largest and most important branch of the posterior tibial artery?
fibular artery
muscles of the foot are supplied by which nerves?
medial and lateral plantar, deep fibular
the medial plantar supplies which foot muscles?
abductor hallicus, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallicus brevis, 1st lumbrical
lateral plantar nerve supplies which foot muscles?
quadratus plantae, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallicus, 2-4 lumbricals, interossei muscles
deep fibular nerve supplies
extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallicus brevis
