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Anatomy: Yr1 > Nerve supply of upper arm: Brachial plexus > Flashcards

Nerve supply of upper arm: Brachial plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Does the brachial plexus supply the upper limbs or lower limbs?

A

Upper limbs

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2
Q

Does the brachial plexus innervate the skin or muscles of upper limbs?

A

Innervates muscles and skin

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3
Q

Which 5 spinal segmental levels form the brachial plexus, and do the nerves originate from the anterior or posterior rami roots?

A

C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

Nerves originate from anterior rami of each segmental level

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4
Q

What are the 5 parts of the brachial plexus, and what are the functional differences between these divisions?

A

Roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches

No functional differences, just easier to explain routes of brachial plexus

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5
Q

What are the 5 anterior roots that form the brachial plexus?

A

C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

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6
Q

What are the names of the 3 trunks of the brachial plexus, and how do they relate to the 5 roots?

A

Superior trunk: Formed by combination of C5 and C6

Middle trunk: Formed by C7

Inferior trunk: Formed by combination of C8 and T1

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7
Q

Which brachial plexus trunk is not formed by a combination of multiple anterior roots?

A

Middle trunk: Only formed by C7

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8
Q

How are the divisions of the brachial plexus formed from trunks?

A

Each trunk splits into anterior (move towards front of body) and posterior division (moves towards back of body)

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9
Q

How many divisions are in the brachial plexus in total, and which ones supply the front/back of body?

A

6 divisions in total, as each trunk splits into anterior and posterior divisions

3 anterior divisions to supply front

3 posterior divisions to supply back

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10
Q

Where in the body do the cords of the brachial plexus form from divisions, and how are they named?

A

In axilla, divisions combine to form lateral, posterior, medial cord

Named in relative position to axillary artery

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11
Q

Which 2 brachial plexus divisions combine to form the lateral cord, and where is this positioned relative to the axillary artery?

A

Anterior division of superior trunk

Anterior division of middle trunk

Furthest and behind axillary artery (closest to back of body)

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12
Q

Which 3 brachial plexus divisions combine to form the posterior cord, and where is this positioned relative to the axillary artery?

A

Posterior divisions of superior, middle, inferior trunks

Directly behind axillary artery, in front of lateral cord

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13
Q

Which brachial plexus divisions combine to form the medial cord, and where is this positioned relative to the axillary artery?

A

Only anterior division of inferior trunk

In front of axillary artery

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14
Q

Which 5 major nerves are formed from the cords of the brachial plexus, to innervate the upper arm?

A

Musculocutaneous
Axillary
Ulnar
Radial
Median

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15
Q

Which brachial plexus cord forms the musculocutaneous nerve, and what roots innervate it?

A

Formed from terminal branch of lateral cord, only carries nerves from C5,C6,C7

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16
Q

Which compartment of the upper arm is innervated by musculocutaneous nerve, and what 3 muscles are these?

A

Anterior (flexor) compartment muscles:
Coracobrachialis

Biceps brachii

Brachialis

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17
Q

Does the musculocutaneous nerve only supply the upper arm?

A

No

Emerges lateral to biceps brachii and brachialis to enter forearm, becomes lateral cutaneous nerve

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18
Q

In which part of the forearm does the musculocutaneous nerve become the lateral cutaneous nerve and provide sensory innervation?

A

Lateral half of anterior forearm

Small part of posterior forearm

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19
Q

Which brachial plexus cords form the axillary nerve, and what roots innervate it?

A

Direct continuation of posterior cord, only carries nerves from C5,C6

20
Q

How many branches does the axillary nerve have?

A

Anterior branch

Posterior branch

Articular branch

21
Q

Which 2 muscles does the posterior branch of axillary nerve supply motor innervation to?

A

Posterior aspect of deltoid

Teres minor

22
Q

Where in the arm does the posterior branch of axillary nerve provide sensory/cutaneous innervation, and what is the name of this nerve now?

A

Skin over inferior region of deltoid: Regimental badge area

Upper lateral cutaneous nerve

23
Q

Which muscle does the anterior branch of the axillary nerve provide motor innervation to?

A

Anterior aspect of deltoid

24
Q

Which part of the arm does the anterior branch of the axillary nerve provide sensory/cutaneous innervation to?

A

anterior, anterolateral shoulder

25
Q

What is supplied by the articular branch of the axillary nerve?

A

Upper part of triceps brachii

Glenohumeral joint

26
Q

In the brachial plexus, the median nerve carries nerves from which roots?

A

C5,C6,C7,C8,T1

27
Q

Does the median nerve provide motor innervation in the upper arm?

A

No,

It provides motor innervation to all muscles in the anterior forearm except flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus

And thenar muscles and 2 lateral lumbrical muscles in hand

28
Q

Which muscles in the anterior forearm receive motor innervation from the median nerve?

A

All except flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus

29
Q

Which 3 muscles in the hand receive motor innervation from the median nerve?

A

2 lateral lumbricals

Thenar (thumb) muscle

30
Q

Which 2 branches does the median nerve give off to supply cutaneous innervation in hand?

A

Palmar cutaneous nerve: Lateral aspect of palm

Digital cutaneous nerve: Lateral 3.5 fingers on palmar/anterior surface

31
Q

Which branch of the median nerve in the hand provides motor innervation to the 2 lateral lumbricals?

A

Motor branch

32
Q

Which branch of the median nerve in the hand provides motor innervation to the thenar muscle?

A

Thenar/recurrent branch

33
Q

The radial nerve of the brachial plexus carries nerves from with roots?

A

C5,C6,C7,C8,T1

34
Q

Which muscle in the posterior upper arm receives motor innervation from the radial nerve?

A

Triceps brachii

35
Q

How many muscles in the posterior forearm are supplied by radial nerve?

A

All of them

36
Q

Before the radial nerve becomes the deep branch, which 2 posterior forearm muscles does it supply motor innervation to?

A

Radial nerve supplies brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis

Before terminating as deep branch and supplying rest of posterior forearm muscles

37
Q

How many muscles in the posterior upper arm are supplied motor innervation by the radial nerve?

A

Triceps brachii

This is the only muscle in the posterior upper arm compartment

38
Q

Which 2 cutaneous branches does the radial nerve give off to provide sensory innervation to the upper arm in 2 areas?

A

Lower lateral cutaneous nerve: Lateral aspect of upper arm, inferior to deltoid

Posterior cutaneous nerve: Posterior surface of upper arm

39
Q

Which cutaneous branch does the radial nerve give off to provide sensory innervation to the forearm?

A

Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm: Strip of skin down middle of posterior forearm

40
Q

Which cutaneous branch does the radial nerve give off to provide sensory innervation to the hand?

A

Superficial/dorsal radial sensory nerve: Dorsal (posterior) surface of lateral 3.5 digits

41
Q

The ulnar nerve of the brachial plexus carries nerves from which roots?

A

C8 and T1

42
Q

Which 2 muscles in the anterior forearm receive motor innervation from the ulnar nerve?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus

43
Q

Which branch of the ulnar nerve in the hand supplies motor innervation to the hypothenar muscles?

A

Deep branch

44
Q

Which branch of the ulnar nerve in the hand supplies motor innervation to the 2 medial lumbricals?

A

Deep branch

45
Q

Which branch of the ulnar nerve in the hand supplies motor innervation to the palmar and dorsal interosseous?

A

Deep branch

46
Q

Which branch of the ulnar nerve in the hand supplies motor innervation to adductor pollicis?

A

Deep branch

47
Q

What are the 3 cutaneous branches that arise from the ulnar nerve in the hand?

A

Superficial branch: Palmar surface of medial 1.5 fingers

Palmar cutaneous branch: Medial half of palm

Dorsal cutaneous branch: Dorsal surface of medial 1.5 fingers and associated area

Anatomy: Yr1 (11 decks)

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