Bones and bony landmarks of the spine: vertebral column Flashcards
How many bones are there in the vertebral column, and what are these bones?
33 vertebrae, which are bony segments
In the vertebral column, what structure separates individual vertebrae?
Fibrocartilagenous intervertebral disc
What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column in cranial-caudal direction?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
What 2 bones make up a vertebra?
Vertebral body
Vertebral arch
What is the vertebral body, what structure lines 2 of its surfaces and what separates individual?
Anterior, weight-bearing bone of vertebra
superior and inferior surfaces are lined with hyaline cartilage
separated from other vertebral bodies by fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disc
What aspects of vertebrae are made up by the vertebral arch, and what structure is formed from the fusion of the vertebral arch with the vertebral body?
Vertebral arch makes up posterolateral aspect
Forms vertebral foramen
When all of the vertebral foramen of each vertebra line up, what spinal structure does this form?
Vertebral canal: Spinal cord runs through here
How many bony processes does the vertebral arch have, and where are they?
7 processes in total:
5: Spinous process
6: 2 Transverse processes
4 articular processes
Where is the pedicle, and what vertebral process does it connect to the vertebral body?
3
Pedicle connects vertebral body to transverse process
Where is the lamina, and which 2 vertebral processes does it connect?
4
Lamina connects transverse and spinous processes
How many superior and inferior articular processes does each vertebral arch have, and what joints do they form?
2 superior (2), 2 inferior (1)
The inferior articular process/facet (1) of the vertebral arch above joins with the superior articular process/facet (2) of the vertebral arch below to form the facet/zygapophysial joint
What is the name of the joint that forms between the inferior and superior articular facets/processes of subsequent vertebral arches?
Facet/zygapophysial joint
How many cervical vertebrae are there in the spinal column?
7
How many thoracic vertebrae are there in the spinal column?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae are there in the spinal column?
5