Nephrology Flashcards
1
Q
Gittelman
A
Hypomag
Hypocalciuria
Na-Cl transporter in distal tubule
2
Q
FeNa
A
(UNa/SNa) / (UCr / SCr)
3
Q
Ddavp stimulation test
A
<100 no response
>800 good response
Middle - partial response
4
Q
Nephrogenic DI
A
X linked
Avpr2 gene for ADh receptor
5
Q
Anion gap
A
Na + K - HCO3 - Cl
Should be 8-16
If albumin low, 10:4 rule
–> for 10g/L drop in albumin, there is a 4mmol/L drop in AG
6
Q
Risk factors for development of CKD
A
Glomerular disease:
•Urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio >2 mg/mg
•Hypoalbuminemia
•HTN
Nonglomerular disease: •Urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio >2 mg/mg •Hypoalbuminemia •HTN •Dyslipidemia •Male gender •Anemia
7
Q
Causes of RAGMA
A
Methanol Uremia DKA Paraldehyde Isoniazid Lactate Ethylene glycol Salicylate
8
Q
Causes of NAGMA (HARDUP)
A
Hyperventilation/ Hyperchloremia Acids (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Addison's, TPN) RTA Diarrhoea Ureterosigmoidostomy Pancreatic fistula
9
Q
Acid base compensation rules
A
Metabolic acidosis - CO2 changes
- (1 : 1)
Metabolic alkalosis
-(6 :10)
Resp acidosis/alkalosis - HCO3 changes
- acute ( 1: 10)
- chronic (4:10)
10
Q
Barter
A
Normal Mag
Hypercalciuria
Na-K-Cl transporter in thick ascending loop
