Nephro, GI

Question 1

Autosomal recessive metabolic disorder of lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan metabolism

Answer 1

Glutaric Aciduria Type I (GA-I)

Question 2

Renal Threshold: plasma glucose

Answer 2

200mg/dl
one nephron is already saturated

Question 3

Renal Transport Maximum: plasma glucose

Answer 3

375mg/dL
all nephrons are already saturated)

Question 4

Clearance equal to GFR

Answer 4

inulin, creatinine
filtered but not secreted not absorbed
marker for kidney function

Question 5

Only solute not mainly reabsorb in the PCT

Answer 5

magnesium reabsorb in the TAL of LH
25% PCT

Question 6

Creates “graded osmolarity” in renal medulla

Answer 6

LOH

Question 7

Preserves “graded osmolarity” in renal medulla

Answer 7

Vasa recta

Question 8

layer of GIT responsible for GI secretions

Answer 8

Muscularis mucosae
innervated by Meissner plexus

Question 9

layer of GIT responsible for motility

Answer 9

Circular and and longitudinal muscle
innervated by Auerbach plexus

Question 10

Myenteric is mainly excitatory except

Answer 10

pyloric sphincter, ileocecal valve

Question 11

Contractile tissue in the GI is made up of UNITARY SMOOTH MUSCLE, except

Answer 11

Pharynx
Upper 1/3 esophagus
External Anal Sphincter

Question 12

Most common stimulus for GI peristalsis

Answer 12

Distention

Question 13

Gastrocolic reflex is mediate dby

Answer 13

Parasymphathetic NS
CCK
Gastrin

normal BM in newborn

Question 14

site of Na+ bile acid cotransport

Answer 14

Ileum

94% are recirculated back to the liver (enterohepatic circulation)

Question 15

substances must be further digested before it can
be absorbed by specific carriers in intestinal cells?

Answer 15

Sucrose

Question 16

brush border enzyme is required for protein assimilation

Answer 16

Enterokinase/ enteropeptidase

Question 17

stimulates HCl secretion

Answer 17

Histamine
Ach
Gastrin