Nephritic/Nephrotic

Question 1

RBC Casts show?

Answer 1

Glomerulonephritis, Malignant HTN

Question 2

WBC Casts show?

Answer 2

Acute pyelonephritis, transplant rejection

Question 3

Granular (muddy brown) Casts show?

Answer 3

Acute Tubular Necrosis

Question 4

Waxy Casts show?

Answer 4

End-stage renal disease/chronic renal failure

Question 5

Black Urine shows?

Answer 5

Alkaptonuria

Question 6

Pink/Red Urine shows?

Answer 6

Porphyria

Question 7

Brown/Tea colored urine shows?

Answer 7

Hyperbiliruinemia

Question 8

2 Weeks after infection of pharynx and skin patient presents with periorbital edema and cola-colored urine?

Answer 8

A PSGN

Question 9

PSGN EM?

Answer 9

Subepithelial immune complex deposition

Question 10

PSGN virulence factor? What is its MOA?

Answer 10

M protein-Nephritic StrainMOA: prevents Munching/Phagocytosis

Question 11

PSGN HSR?

Answer 11

Type 3 HSR

Question 12

PSGN Labs?

Answer 12

Increased anti-DNase B titers Decreased Complement Levels

Question 13

PSGN Treatment and Complication?

Answer 13

Tx: supportiveComplication: RPGN

Question 14

RPGN LM and IF?

Answer 14

Crescent Moon shaped

Question 15

RPGN Prognosis?

Answer 15

Poor

Question 16

What is inside the RPGN Crescent Moon shape IF/LM?

Answer 16

Fibrin and macrophages

Question 17

MOA of Nephritic Syndrome?

Answer 17

Immune complex deposition that leads to Inflammed glomeruli+release C5a=>attracts neutrophils=>damaged and hypercellular glomeruli

Question 18

How do should you group Nephritic Syndromes?

Answer 18

Linear=> good pasture
Granular=>PSGN, Diffuse
Negative=>WeCener, Churg, Microscopic

Question 19

Hematuria, Hemoptysis and Sinuitis is unique to?

Answer 19

WeCeners

Question 20

Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) MC cause?

Answer 20

SLE

Question 21

DPGN LM?

Answer 21

Wire looping

Question 22

IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) Presentation?

Answer 22

renal insufficiency or acute gastroenteritis with Episodic hematuria with RBC casts

Question 23

IgA nephropathy is related to what vasculitis?

Answer 23

Renal pathology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Question 24

MC nephropathy world wide?

Answer 24

IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)

Question 25

What will you see in IF?

Answer 25

IF—IgA-based IC deposits in mesangium.

Question 26

Alport syndrome MOA?

Answer 26

Type 4 (Flip the Al in alport)=> thinning and splitting of glomerular basement membrane

Question 27

Alport Syndrome Genetics?

Answer 27

Most commonly X-linked.

Question 28

Alport Triad?

Answer 28

Can't see, Can't pee and Can't Hear High C

Question 29

EM for Alport?

Answer 29

“Basket-weave” appearance on EM.

Question 30

Any word that has membrano means?

Answer 30

Thickening membrane

Question 31

MPGN type 1 shows?

Answer 31

subendothelial "tram-track” appearance on PAS stain

Question 32

MPGN type 2 shows?

Answer 32

intramembranous IC deposits; “dense deposits"

Question 33

Type 1 is secondary to?

Answer 33

Hep B or C infection

Question 34

Type 2 is associated with?

Answer 34

C3 factor=> stabilizes C3 convertase=>decreases 􏰂􏰁serum C3 levels

Question 35

Nephrotic Syndrome, What are the groupings?

Answer 35

MCD and FSGS=>Effacement of foot process Membranous nephropathy/ MPGN=>1. Thickened membrane 2. Cause: immune deposition DM/Amyloidosis=>amyloid/glucose deposition

Question 36

FSGS is MC nephrotic syndrome in?

Answer 36

AAs, Hispanics, HIV, Sickle Cell and Heroin

Question 37

MCD to describe in one phrase?

Answer 37

Change is so MINIMAL that you only lose ALBUMIN NOT gammaglobin

Question 38

MCD is MC nephrotic Syndrome in?

Answer 38

Kids

Question 39

MCD LM?

Answer 39

Normal Glomeruli

Question 40

MCD and FSGS both have?

Answer 40

=>Effacement of foot process

Question 41

MCD is associated with?

Answer 41

Hodgkins Lymphoma

Question 42

MCD Tx?

Answer 42

STeriods

Question 43

Membranous Nephropathy EM?

Answer 43

Spike and Dome Appearance

Question 44

MCC of Nephrotic Syndrome in SLE?

Answer 44

Membranous Nephropathy

Question 45

Membranous Nephropathy is MCC of nephrotic syndrome in?

Answer 45

Caucasian adults

Question 46

In amyloidosis, what is the LM?

Answer 46

Congo red stain shows apple-green

Question 47

In amyloidosis what is the most commonly involved organ?

Answer 47

Kidney

Question 48

In Diabetic Glomerulonephropathy, MOA?

Answer 48

Nonenzymatic Glycosylation of GBM

Question 49

What nodules will you see?

Answer 49

Kimmelsteil-Wilson Lesions

Question 50

What is the first change you will see in diabetic glomerulonephropathy?

Answer 50

NEG of efferent arterioles=>Increased GFR􏰂=>mesangial expansion.