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Neoplasia Facts Flashcards

1
Q

ALK

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Receptor tyrosine kinase
Associated Neoplasm: Lung adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

BCR-ABL

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Tyrosine kinase
Associated Neoplasm: CML, ALL

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3
Q

BCL-2

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Anti-apoptotic molecule (inhibits apoptosis)
Associated Neoplasm: Follicular and diffuse large B cell lymphomas

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4
Q

BRAF

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Serine/threonine kinase
Associated Neoplasm: Melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma

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5
Q

c-KIT

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Cytokine receptor
Associated Neoplasm: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

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6
Q

c-MYC

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Transcription factor
Associated Neoplasm: Burkitt lymphoma

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7
Q

HER2/neu (c-erbB2)

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Tyrosine kinase
Associated Neoplasm: Breast and gastric carcinomas

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8
Q

JAK2

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Tyrosine kinase
Associated Neoplasm: Chronic myeloproliferative disorders

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9
Q

KRAS

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: GTPase
Associated Neoplasm: Colon cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer

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10
Q

MYCL1

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Transcription factor
Associated Neoplasm: Lung tumor

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11
Q

MYCN

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Transcription factor
Associated Neoplasm: Neuroblastoma

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12
Q

RET

A

Oncogene
Gene Product: Tyrosine kinase
Associated Neoplasm: MEN2A and 2B, medullary thyroid cancer

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13
Q

APC

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene

Associated Neoplasm: Colorectal cancer (associated with FAP)

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14
Q

BRCA1/BRCA2

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: DNA repair protein
Associated Neoplasm: Breast and ovarian cancer

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15
Q

CDKN2A

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: p16, blocks G1 –> S phase
Associated Neoplasm: Melanoma, pancreatic cancer

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16
Q

DCC

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: DCC (Deleted in Colon Cancer)
Associated Neoplasm: Colon cancer

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17
Q

DPC4/SMAD4

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: DPC (Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer)
Associated Neoplasm: Pancreatic cancer

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18
Q

MEN1

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: Menin
Associated Neoplasm: MEN 1

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19
Q

NF1

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: Ras GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)
Associated Neoplasm: NeuroFibromatosis Type 1

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20
Q

NF2

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: Merlin (schwannomin) protein
Associated Neoplasm: NeuroFibromatosis Type 2

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21
Q

PTEN

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene

Associated Neoplasm: Breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer

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22
Q

Rb

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: Inhibits E2F, blocks G1 –> S phase
Associated Neoplasm: Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

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23
Q

TP53

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: p53, activates p21, blocks G1 –> S phase
Associated Neoplasm: Most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome

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24
Q

TSC1

A

Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene Product: Hamartin protein
Associated Neoplasm: Tuberous sclerosis

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25
TSC2
Tumor Suppressor Gene Gene Product: Tuberin protein Associated Neoplasm: Tuberous sclerosis
26
VHL
Tumor Suppressor Gene Gene Product: Inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a Associated Neoplasm: Von Hippel-Lindau disease, renal cell carcinoma
27
WT1/WT2
Tumor Suppressor Gene | Associated Neoplasm: Wilms Tumor (nephroblastoma)
28
EBV
Associated Cancer: Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopahryngeal carcinoma, primary CNS lymphoma (in immunocompromised patients)
29
HBV/HCV
Associated Cancer: Hepatocellular carcinoma, lymphoma
30
HHV-8
Associated Cancer: Kaposi sarcoma
31
HPV
Associated Cancer: Cervical and penile/anal carcinoma (types 16, 18) Head and neck cancer
32
H pylori
Associated Cancer: Gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma
33
HTLV-1
Associated Cancer: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
34
Liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis)
Associated Cancer: Cholangiocarcinoma
35
Schistosoma haematobium
Associated Cancer: Bladder cancer (squamous cell)
36
t(15;17)
APL (M3 type of AML)
37
Acanthosis nigricans
Paraneoplastic Syndrome
38
Sign of Leser-Trelat
Paraneoplastic Syndrome
39
Hypercalcemia
Paraneoplastic Syndrome
40
Cushing syndrome
Paraneoplastic Syndrome
41
Acanthosis nigricans
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Hyperpigmented velvety plaques in axilla and neck Associated Cancer: Gastric adenocarcinoma and other visceral malignancies (but more commonly associated with obesity and insulin resistance)
42
Sign of Leser-Trelat
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses Associated Cancer: GI adenocarcinomas and other visceral malignancies
43
Hypercalcemia
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: PTHrP Associated Cancer: Squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, head, and neck; renal, bladder, breast, and ovarian carcinomas MOA: Increased 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 (Calcitriol) Associated Cancer: Lymphoma
44
Cushing syndrome
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Increased ACTH Associated Cancer: Small cell lung cancer
45
Hyponatremia (SIADH)
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Increased ADH Associated Cancer: Small cell lung cancer
46
Polycythemia
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Increased EPO Associated Cancer: Renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, leiomyoma
47
Pure red cell aplasia
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Anemia with low reticulocytes Associated Cancer: Thymoma
48
Good syndrome
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Hypogammaglobulinemia Associated Cancer: Thymoma
49
Trousseau syndrome
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Migratory superficial thrombophlebitis Associated Cancer: Adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic
50
Nonbacterial thrombotic (marantic) andocarditis
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Deposition of sterile platelet thrombi on heart valves Associated Cancer: Adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic
51
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Psychiatric disturbance, memory deficits, seizures, dyskinesias, autonomic instability, language dysfunction Associated Cancer: Ovarian teratoma
52
Opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: "dancing eyes, dancing feet" Associated Cancer: Neuroblastoma (children), small cell lung cancer (adults)
53
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degenration
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Antibodies against Hu, Yo, and Tr antigens in Purkinje cells Associated Cancer: Small cell lung cancer, gynecologic and breast cancers, and Hodgkin lymphoma
54
Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Antibodies against Hu antigens in neurons Associated Cancer: Small cell lung cancer
55
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Antibodies against presynaptic (P/Q-type) Ca2+ channels at NMJ Associated Cancer: Small cell lung cancer
56
Myasthenia gravis
Paraneoplastic Syndrome MOA: Antibodies against postsynaptic AChR and NMJ Associated Cancer: Thymoma
57
CAG repeats
Huntington Disease. Caudate has decreased Ach and Gaba
58
CTG repeats
Mytonic Dystrophy. Cataracts, Toupee (early balding in men), Gonadal atrophy
59
CGG repeats
Fragile X syndrome. Chin (protruding), Giant Gonads
60
GAA repeats
Friedreich Ataxia. Ataxic GAAit.
61
Disorders on Chromosome 3
* von Hippel-Lindau Disease | * Renal Cell Carcinoma
62
Disorders on Chromosome 4
* ADPKD (PKD2) * Achondroplasia * Huntington Disease
63
Disorders on Chromosome 5
* Cri-du-chat syndrome | * Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
64
Disorders on Chromosome 6
* Hemochromatosis (HFE)
65
Disorders on Chromosome 7
* Williams Syndrome | * Cystic Fibrosis
66
Disorders on Chromosome 9
* Friedreich Ataxia
67
Disorders on Chromosome 11
* Wilms Tumor | * β-globin gene defects (ex. sickle cell disease, β-thalassemia, MEN1)
68
Disorders on Chromosome 13
* Patau Syndrome * Wilson Disease * Retinoblastoma (RB1) * BRCA2
69
Disorders on Chromosome 15
* Prader-Willi Syndrome * Angelman Syndrome * Marfan Syndrome
70
Disorders on Chromosome 16
* ADPKD (PKD1) | * α-globin gene defects (α-thalassemia)
71
Disorders on Chromosome 17
* Neurofibromatosis type 1 * BRCA1 * p53
72
Disorders on Chromosome 18
* Edwards Syndrome
73
Disorders on Chromosome 21
* Down Syndrome
74
Disorders on Chromosome 22
* Neurofibromatosis Type 2 | * DiGeorge syndrome (22q11)
75
Disorders on Chromosome X
* Fragile X Syndrome * X-linked Agammaglobulinemia * Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY)

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