Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards
Absence seizures
Ethosuximide
Acute gout attach
NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
All-trans retinoic acid
ADHD
Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine
Alcoholism
Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care
Alcohol Withdrawal
Long-acting benzodiazepines
Anorexia
Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
α1-antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors
Bipolar Disorder
Mood stabilizers (ex: lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women
Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
Buerger disease
Smoking cessation
Bulimia nervosa
SSRIs
Candida albicans
Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)
Carcinoid syndrome
Octreotide
Chlamydia trachomatis
Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co-infection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
Chronic gout
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg, allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid
Chronic hepatitis B or C
INF-α, (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simpeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Imatinib
Clostridium botulinum
Antitoxin
Clostridium difficile
Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin
Clostridium tetani
Antitoxin
CMV
Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
Depression
SSRIs (first-line)
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
Diabetes mellitus type I
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
Diabetes mellitus type II
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
Heparin
Enterococci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
ER + breast cancer
Tamoxifen
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
Haemophilus influenzae (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
HER2/neu + breast cancer
Trastuzumab
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
Hyperchlolesterolemia
Statin (first-time)
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
Kawasaki disease
IVIV, high-dose aspirin
Legionella pneumophila
Macrolides (ex. azithromycin)
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban
Malaria
Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
Migraine
Abortive therapies (ex. sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (ex. propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
Multiple sclerosis
Disease-modifying therapies (ex. β-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flare, use IV steroids
Mycobacterium tuberulosis
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachomatis)
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
Osteoporosis
Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SREMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)
Patent ductus arteriosus
Close with indomethacin; keep open with PGE analogs
Pheochromocytoma
α-antagonists (eg. phenoxybenzamine)
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients)
Prolactinoma
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idioapthic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Typical and Atypical antipsychotics
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
Sickle Cell Disease
Hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins) MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic deouloureux)
Carbamazepine
Ulcerative Colitis
5-ASA preparations (ex. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
Warfarin reversal
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)