Neonatology + Genetics

Question 1

What temp should your fresh out of mom puppy incubator be set to?

Answer 1

(86-89 F)

Question 2

Resuscitation should be attempted for what time period for puppies?

Answer 2

(Minimum of 30 minutes)

Question 3

What is the purpose of rubbing a neonatal puppies hair backwards on their lumbar area?

Answer 3

(Stimulates respiration)

Question 4

To swing or not to swing neonatal puppies, that is the question.

Answer 4

(Not to swing)

Question 5

What is the acupuncture point that can be used in neonatal puppies to stimulate breathing?

Answer 5

(Jen Chung - GV26)

Question 6

In a hypoxemia induced bradycardic neonatal puppy, you should pursue chest compressions, and continue to provide heat and respiratory support. What can you do if the puppy does not respond to the things listed above?

Answer 6

(Administer epinephrine → 0.05-0.1ml (1 drop) per rectum (can also be given IO or IV))

Question 7

What temperature should puppies and kittens be prior to tube feeding?

Answer 7

(At least 96 F)

Question 8

(T/F) In autosomal dominant mutations, only one copy is required of the affected gene to cause disease.

Answer 8

(T, so even heterozygous animals will have the disease)

Question 9

What are the two examples that were given for autosomal dominant diseases in animals?

Answer 9

(Polycystic kidney dz in persians and progressive rod/cone degeneration/atrophy in english mastiffs and bullmastiffs)

Question 10

(T/F) In autosomal recessive mutations, two copies of an affected gene are required to cause disease.

Answer 10

(T, so heterozygous animals will be carriers)

Question 11

What is penetrance?

Answer 11

(The number of individuals with a mutated genotype that express the phenotype, can be complete (100% of animals with the mutated genotype will have dz) or incomplete (only some animals with the mutated genotype will express dz))

Question 12

ncomplete (only some animals with the mutated genotype will express dz))
What needs to be taken into account when determining an animals “at risk” possibility of having a genetic disease?

Answer 12

(If it is dominant or recessive (obvi if its dominant they’re screwed) and if it is recessive, does the disease have complete or incomplete penetrance)

Question 13

What is the dose for naloxone for puppies, in what scenario is it given, and what routes can it be administered?

Answer 13

(Dose is 1 drop (0.05-0.1ml, 0.1 mg/kg), it is given when mom is sedated with fentanyl, and it can be given IV, IM, IO, rectally, and sublingually)

Question 14

Why should puppies be at least 96 degrees F prior to tube feeding?

Answer 14

(To prevent ileus, bloat, and aspiration)

Question 15

What is the dose for milk replacer in puppies and kittens?

Answer 15

(1-3 ml/100g/feeding)

Question 16

How often should 0-2 week old puppies and kittens be fed compared to 2-4 week old puppies?

Answer 16

(0-2 week old → q2h, 2-4 week old → q3-6h)

Question 17

What four things can be used to estimate prognosis in neonatal puppies and kittens?

Answer 17

(Birth weight, colostrum intake, weight gain, and apgar score)