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Pediatrics > Neonatology > Flashcards

Neonatology Flashcards

1
Q

Sig of delayed cord clamping

A

Decrease incidence of anemia

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2
Q

Essential NB care, prevent neonatal hypothermia, increase colonization of protective family bacteria

A

Uninterrupted skin to skin contact

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3
Q

Essential NB care, Prevents Hypothermia

A

Immediate Drying

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4
Q

Essential NB care, Within 1st hour prevents 19.1% of all neonatal deaths

A

Breasfeeding

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5
Q

Low BW

A

<2500

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6
Q

Very Low BW

A

<1500

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7
Q

Extremely Low BW

A

<1000

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8
Q

Late Preterm

A

Equal/>34 to >37 weeks

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9
Q

Very Preterm

A

<32

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10
Q

Extremely Preterm

A

<28

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11
Q

BW < 3rd percentile for calculated Gestational Age

A

SGA/ IUGR

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12
Q

IUGR: Fetus affected late gestation

A

Asymmetric

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13
Q

IUGR: Fetus affected early gestation

A

Symmetric

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14
Q

Birthweight >90th percentile

A

LGA

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15
Q

Ideal time for NBS in preterm infants

A

5-7 days

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16
Q

M/C Cuase of Congenital Hypothyroid

A

Thyroid agenesis

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17
Q

CAH: Enzyme deficient in dec cortisol

A

21 hydroxylase

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18
Q

elevated in CAH

A

17 hydroxyprogesterone

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19
Q

Tx for CAH

A

Gluc (Hydrocort), Mineralcort, Sx, Prenatal Dexa

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20
Q

Galactosemia Type: Classic type, complete or near complete def

A

GALT

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21
Q

Galactosemia Type: Cataracts

A

GALK

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22
Q

Galactosemia Type: Enzyme deficiency limited to leukocytes and erythrocytes

A

GALE (Benign)

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23
Q

Tx for Galactosemia

A

Lactose free Milk

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24
Q

Oxidant substances -> Hemolytic anemia

A

G6PD

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25
Q

Heinz Bodies

A

G6PD

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26
Q

Enzyme Def in Phenylketonuria

A

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase

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27
Q

M/C common manifestation ok PKU

A

Developmental Delay

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28
Q

Musty odor urine

A

PKU

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29
Q

Enzyme deficient in MSUD

A

Branched chain alpha keto acid dehydrogenase

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30
Q

Tx of MSUD

A

Removal of branched chain AA in diet

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31
Q

Cheese like material that covers infant

A

Vernix Caseosa

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32
Q

Absent Moro, Abnormal crepitus around clavicle

A

Clavicular Fracture

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33
Q

Absent Moro, Arm abducted, Pronated, Internally rotated

A

Brachial plexopathy

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34
Q

Extend across sutures

A

Caput succedaneum

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35
Q

Not cross sutures

A

Cephalohematoma

36
Q

Frothing of mouth, feeding exacerbates symptoms

A

Esophageal atresia

37
Q

Dx for Esophageal atresia

A

Inability to pass NGT/OGT

38
Q

Tx of EA

A

Surgical ligation of TEF and end to end anastomosis of esophagus

39
Q

Scaphoid Abdomen

A

Diaphragmatic Hernia - Bochdalek

40
Q

Immediate intervention for Omphalocoele and Gastroschisis

A

Decompression and wrapping

41
Q

(+) Sac

A

Omphalocoele

42
Q

Associated with other congenital anomalies - OEIS Complex

A

Opmhaolcoele

43
Q

Inflamed bowel and delayed alimentation

A

Gastrochisis

44
Q

Abdominal Distention with erythema

A

NEC

45
Q

Histologic finding of NEC

A

Coagulation Necrosis

46
Q

Thickened bowel walls and air in bowel wall

A

Pneumatosis intestinalis

47
Q

Surfactant first appears

A

20 weeks

48
Q

Mature surfactant

A

35 weeks

49
Q

Cessation of breathing > 20 secs or any duration accompanied by cyanosis and bradypnea

A

Apnea

50
Q

M/CC of Apnea

A

Idiopathic apnea of prematurity

51
Q

DOC Apnea

A

Methyxanthines

52
Q

Primary cause of Transient Tachypnea of the NB

A

Slow absorption of fetal lung fluid

53
Q

Reticular Granularity of Lung Parenchyma

A

RDS

54
Q

Prominent pulmonary vascular markings

A

TTN

55
Q

PaO2 Gradient

A

PPHN

56
Q

Persistencer R->L Circulation through PDA and Formen Ovale

A

PPHN -> Normal Chest findings

57
Q

Diagnostics for PPHN

A

Real time echocardiogram with Doppler flow

58
Q

Interstitial, Wandering atelectasis, concomitant hyperinflation,, CYST Formation

A

BPD

59
Q

Tx BPD

A

> 21% Oxygen

60
Q

Bubbly lungs

A

BPD

61
Q

Grunting

A

RDS

62
Q

Relieved by O2

A

TTN

63
Q

Peak within 3 days -> Improves

A

RDS

64
Q

Excessive PVR

A

PPHN

65
Q

Pulmonary Hypoplasia

A

PPHN

66
Q

Potter’s disease

A

PPHN

67
Q

Jaundice w/in 24h: First Born

A

ABO incomp - M/C

68
Q

Jaundice w/in 24h: 2nd Born

A

Rh

69
Q

Jaundice w/in 24h: Prolonged labor, No prenatal check up

A

Sepsis

70
Q

Jaundice w/in 24h: Maternal infection during pregnancy

A

TORCH

71
Q

Jaundice > 24h: Purely Breast Fed

A

Breast Milk Jaundice

72
Q

Jaundice > 24h: Supplements breast feeding with sugar feeding

A

Breastfeeding Jaundice

73
Q

Unconjugated bilirubin in basal ganglia and brainstem

A

Kernicterus >25 mg/dl

74
Q

(-) COOMBs, Inc Hb

A

Polycythemia

75
Q

COOMB’s test positive

A

Rh vs ABO

76
Q

M/C hemolytic disease of the Newborn

A

ABO incomp

77
Q

COOMB’s positive, spherocytosis, Inc reticulocytes, Inc B1

A

ABO inc

78
Q

D Antigen

A

Rh incomp

79
Q

Tx Rh Incomp

A

Anti D Gamma Globulin/ Rhogam

80
Q

Tx Neonatal Sepsis

A

Ampicilin + Amikacin

81
Q

M/C risk factor for neonatal sepsis

A

Prematurity

82
Q

IUGR with history of infection during pregnancy: Vesicular lesion on face

A

HSV

83
Q

IUGR with history of infection during pregnancy: Purpuric lesions all over body

A

Rubella

84
Q

Accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis

A

Hydrocoele

85
Q

Reducible scrotal swelling

A

Indirect Hernias

86
Q

Undescended testes: Remains undescended if does not descend by ____months

A

4

87
Q

Surgical tx of undescended testes no later than

A

9-15 months

Pediatrics (8 decks)

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