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Pediatrics > Neonatology > Flashcards

Neonatology Flashcards

1
Q

Physiologuc anemia occurs at what week in term babies?

A

6-8 weeks

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2
Q

Physiologuc anemia occurs at what week in preterm babies?

A

2-3 weeks

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3
Q

Newborn screening is RA

A

9288

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4
Q

If blood for newborn screening test was collected

A

After 2 weeks

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5
Q

Enzyme deficient in the classic for of galactosemia

A

Galactose-1-PO4 uridyltransferase deficiency (GALT

Other enzymes: galactokinase and galactose-4-epimerase

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6
Q

Most common manifestation of phenylketonuria without treatment is

A

Developmenyal delay

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7
Q

Unpleasant musty odor is characteristic of

A

Phenylketonuria

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8
Q

Well-defined, flat, blue-gray lesion found in the sacral area of a newborn. Normal or abnormal?

A

Mongolian spot; normal

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9
Q

Small papules or pustules on an errythematous base filled with eosinophil found in newborns

A

Erythema toxicum

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10
Q

Small pearly white inclusion cysts usually found in the face of a newborn

A

Milia

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11
Q

Lacy pattern in skin similar to cobblestones found in newborns

A

Cutis marmorata; reaction to cold stress

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12
Q

Waiter’s tip is a characteristic feature of

A

Erb-duchenne palsy (C5-C6)

Arm adducted, pronated and internally rotated

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13
Q

Claw hand is a characteristic feature of what birth injury?

A

Klumpkenpalsy (C8-T1)

With horner syndrome if with T1 involvement)

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14
Q

Moro reflex is present until

A

4-6 months

Arms abduct and extend, hands open, and legs flexed

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15
Q

Urethral opening on the dorsal penis

A

Epispadia

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16
Q

Urethral opening on the ventral penis

A

Hypospadia; more common

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17
Q

If the testes will not descend by ____ months, it will remain undescended

A

4 months

Majority descends in the 1st 3 months

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18
Q

Undescended testes is treated surgically by

A

9-15 months

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19
Q

Absence of lanugo and vernix caseosa, long nails, abundant scalp hair, desquamating skin and increased alertness are signs of

A

Post term infant

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20
Q

Reticulogranular, ground glass pattern with air bronchograms

A

RDS

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21
Q

“Bubbly lungs” or cystic lucencies, irregularly aerated lungs

A

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

22
Q

Most common cause of PPHN

A

Meconium aspiration syndrome

23
Q

Coarse streaking granular pattern in both lung fields, irregularly aerated lungs, flattened diaphragm

A

MAS (with PPHN)

24
Q

Physiologic jaundice presents in newborn when?

A

After 48 hours of life

Disappears by 5th to 7th day

25
Q

Pathologic jaundice presents in newborn when?

A

During 1st 24 hours of life

26
Q

Total bilirubin in physiologic jaundice? In pathologic jaundice?

A

peaks at 14-15 mg/dl

In pathologic, > 15mg/dl

27
Q

Direct bilirubin in physiologic jaundice? In pathologic jaundice?

A

Physiologic - 10% of TB

28
Q

Most common cause of hemolytic disease in the newborn

A

ABO compatibility

Mother is type O and baby is type A or B.

29
Q

Onset of early neonatal sepsis

A

1st 7 days of life

30
Q

Onset of late neonatal sepsis

A

8-28th day of life

31
Q

3 common bacteria causing neonatal sepsis

A

E. Coli
GBS
L. Monocytogenes

Viruses: HSV and enterovirus

32
Q

Chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus in newborn are symptoms of

A

Toxoplasmosis

33
Q

Treatment of toxoplasmosis in the newborn

A

Pyrimethamine and sulfonamide

34
Q

IUG, cataracts, CHD, mental retardation, deadness, blueberry muffin rash

A

Congenital rubella syndrome

35
Q

Most common congenital infection

A

CMV

36
Q

Chorioretinitis, microcephaly and paraventricular calcification

A

CMV

37
Q

Most common life threating emergency of the GIT in neonates

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

38
Q

Greatest risk factor of necrotizing enterocolitis

A

Prematurity

39
Q

Pneumatosis intestinalis seen in abdominal X-ray

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

40
Q

Pathogenesis of TTN

A

Delayed resorption of fetal lung fluid

41
Q

Which respiratory conditions in newborn infanys have the highest incidence of air leak?

A

MAS (41%)

RDS (27%)

42
Q

Pathognomonic of pneumomediastinum

A

Subcutaneous emphysema

43
Q

Infection due to inadequate care of the cord

A

Omphalitis

44
Q

Hypotonia, lethargy, poor feeding, poor suck are signs of what phase of kernicterus?

A

1st phase

45
Q

Hypertonia, opithotonus, high pitch cry and seizure are symptoms of what phase of kernicterus?

A

2nd phase

46
Q

Hypotonia, long term neurologic injury, extrapyramidal disturbance, deafness are what phase of kernicterus?

A

3rd phase

47
Q

Bronze baby syndrome is a complication of?

A

Phototherapy

48
Q

Most common complication of cephalhematoma

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

49
Q

Collection of blood beneath the aponeurosis and may extend to eyes and nape

A

Subgaleal hemorrhage

50
Q

In subgalela hemorrhage, what vessel is ruptured?

A

Emissary vein

51
Q

4 criteria for diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia

A

pH 5 minutes
Neurologic sequelae (hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy)
Multisystem organ failure

Pediatrics (8 decks)

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