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Bacteriology > Neisseria > Flashcards

Neisseria Flashcards

1
Q

80% of gonocoaal urethritis is caused by what?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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2
Q

What are the 2 forms of Neisseria?

A
  • Conococci

- Meningococci

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3
Q

What are characteristics of BOTH Neisseria?

A
  • Gram (-) diplococci with flattened slides
  • Both ferment glucose
  • IgA protease
  • Catalse (+)
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4
Q

Which Neisseria ferment Maltose and Glucose?

A

MeninGococci

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5
Q

Which neisseria only ferments Glucose?

A

Gonococci

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6
Q

Neisseria gonnorrhoeae causes what?

A
  • Urethritis
  • Cervicitis
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  • Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome (2nd m.c.)
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7
Q

If Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) spreads to the abdomen is can cause what?

A

Fits-Hugh -Curtis syndrome (most common cause is C. trachomatis and second is N. gonorroheae)

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8
Q

Which Neiserria species has a capsule?

A

Meningococci

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9
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis causes what?

A
  • Meningococcemia
  • Meningitis
  • Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome
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10
Q

Which neisseria species does not ferment maltose?

A

N. Gonorrhoeae

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11
Q

Which Neisseria species has a vaccine?

A

N. Meningitis

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12
Q

Which neisseria species is transmitted sexually?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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13
Q

Which Neisseria species is transmitted through respiratory and oral secretions?

A

N. meningitis

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14
Q

How are N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis closely related?

A

75% of the N. meningitidis Z2491 genes were homologous with N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 genes

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15
Q

Although both Neisseria species possess Opa proteins, what is the only one that becomes opaque?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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16
Q

What are the role of Opa proteins in Neisseria?

A

mediate tight adherence to epithelial cells

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17
Q

Infection with N. gonorrhoeae is usually (in men and women)?

A

Men: symptomatic

Women: asymptomatic

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18
Q

How does PID occur?

A

when bacteria (chlamydia trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae) move from the vagina or cervix into the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, or pelvis

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19
Q

What is the major cause of sterility and ectopic pregnancy and major cause of maternal death during pregnancy?

A

PID

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20
Q

Which proteins are important for attachment in N. gonorrhoeae infections?

A

Pili and Opa proteins

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21
Q

What is responsible for the tissue damage with neisserial diseases?

A

Lipooligosaccharide (LOS)

- similar to LPS but lacks the O antigen

22
Q

Toxic damage to ciliated epithelial cells of mucosal surfaces can be caused by?

A
  • TNF from phagocytes

- gonnoccal products such as peptidoglycan and LOS

23
Q

The acquired N. gonorrhoeae bacteria that comes into cell and is englufed by PMN are secreted back out of the cell how?

A

secreted in PMN-rich exudate

24
Q

What do you get in men and women with Local infection of N. gonorrhoeae

A

Men: Urethritis

Women: Cervicitis

25
Q

In women, the most common complication of cervicitis is what?

A

PID

26
Q

What are symptoms of Urethritis in men?

A
  • Pyogenic inflammation
  • Purulent discharge
  • Dysuria
27
Q

In a histological picture of N. gonorrhoeae. What do you see?

A
  • Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
  • Extracellular gram negative diplococci
  • Intracellular gram negative diplococci
28
Q

What is the classical presentation of disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI)?

A

Arthritis dermatitis syndrome

29
Q

What is seen in the First stage of Disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI)?

A

mostly in women, it affects the joints and skin

30
Q

The second stage of DGI is characterized by?

A
  • Septic arthritis

- Knee is most common site of purulent gonococcal arthritis

31
Q

What is polyarthralgia?

A

septic arthritis in knee joints caused by gonococci

32
Q

many patients with Polyarthralgia have what deficiencies?

A

Complement deficiencies including

- Properdin, MAC and Factor 1 deficiencies

33
Q

Conjunctivitis in neonate caused by N. gonorrhoeae often follows what?

A

vaginal delivery from an untreated, infected mother, in utero or in postpartum period

34
Q

How do you reduce conjunctivitis in neonate?

A

Prophylactic use of erythromycin or Silver nitrate

35
Q

What kind of media should N. gonorrhoeae be collected on to suppress normal flora?

A

Thayer Martin Agar

36
Q

What is the recommended treatment for N. gonorrhoeae?

A

Third generation Cephalosporin (CEFTRIAXONE)

37
Q

Mixed infections of N. gonorrhoeae with Chlamydia trachomatis are common, so what should also be prescribed along with Ceftriaxone?

A

Doxycycline

38
Q

What happens in Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome caused by N. Meningitidis?

A

Hemorrhage into the adrenal glands caused by fulminant meningococcemia

39
Q

What VF causes fever, shock, TNF alpha release, inflammation?

A

Endotoxin (LOS)

40
Q

Patients with Deficiencies in late acting complement components (C6-C9) are at increased risk for?

A

Neissria Meningitidis

41
Q

What is the transmission route for N. Meningitidis?

A

Respiratory droplets and close contact with infectious person

42
Q

Which serotypes of N. Meningitidis have caused most cases of Meningococcal meningitis in the USA?

A

Serotypes B and C

43
Q

Waterhouse Friderichson syndrome is characterized by?

A
  • High fever
  • Shock
  • Widespread purpura
  • damage to bilateral adrenal glands
  • coma, death
44
Q

N. Meningitidis Pneumonia is caused by what serotypes?

A

Y and W-135

45
Q

What is the treatment for N. Meningitidis?

A

Ceftriaxone or Ceforaxine

46
Q

Which Neisseria is sensitive to penicillin?

A

N. Meningitidis

47
Q

Which Neisseria is resistant to penicillin?

A

N. gonorroheae

48
Q

What are the antimicrobials used to eradicate menengococci from the nasopharynx?

A
  • Rifampin
  • Quinolones
  • Ceftriazone
49
Q

The Vaccine (menomune) for N. Meningitidis protects against which groups ?

A

Groups A, C, Y and W-135

50
Q

The Vaccine (menomune) for N. Meningitidis does NOT protect against which groups?

A

ONLY group B

Bacteriology (17 decks)

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