Need To Know Flashcards
Seen plenty of these on practice tests
Energy source OXIDATIVE lasts how long?
Past a minute,, “Long term energy”
Respond to pressure, acceleration and deceleration of joints
Joint receptors
Senses changes in muscular tension
Golgi tendon organs
Sense changes in muscle length
Muscle spindles
Smaller in size, fatigue slowly
Type 1 (slow twitch)
Larger size, quick to produce maximal tension; fatigue quickly
Type 2 (fast twitch)
Thick and thin filaments slide past one another, shortening the entire sacromere
Sliding filament theory
Outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle
Fascia
Bundle of individual muscle fibers are called?
Fascicles
Connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force
Tendons
What does a sarcomere do?
Produces muscle contraction. Repeating sections of actin and myosin
What Produces muscle contraction?. Repeating sections of actin and myosin
Sacromere
Cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane
Muscle fiber
One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with is called what?
Motor unit
Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
Neurotransmitters
Communication network within the body
Nervous system
This system cordinates activity of the body; Brain and spinal cord
Central nervous system 😬
Nerves that connect to the CNS to the rest of the body and environment
Peripheral nervous system
Part of Peripheral nervous system; serves outer areas of the body and skeletal muscle; voluntary
Somatic
Part of Peripheral nervous system; involuntary systems (Ex. Heart, digestion)
Autonomic
Neuron
Functional unit of nervous system
Motor neurons transmit
Nerve impulses FROM CNS TO effector sites
Sensory neurons
Nerve impulses FROm effector sites TO CNS. Respond to stimuli
What is the local Stabilization system attached to?
Attaches directly to vertebrae
What stabilization system is attached from pelvis to spine?
Global Stabilization system
Average untrained adults bpm?
70-80 bpm
What are the three stages of energy systems our body uses?
ATP-PC
GLYCOLYSIS
OXIDATIVE SYSTEM
What energy source lasts for 30-50 seconds?
Glycolysis
Energy source ATP-PC lasts how long?
10-15 seconds
Difference between AEROBIC & ANAEROBIC
Aerobic requires oxygen
Anaerobic without oxygen
What consists in the “MUSCLE ACTION SPECTRUM” ?
Concentric, isometric, eccentric movement
Groups of muscles that are recruited by the CNS to provide movement
Muscle synergies
Predictable patterns of muscle imbalances are called?
Postural distribution patterns
Muscle inhibition caused by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonists
Altered reciprocal inhibition
Simple sugar made by the body from carbs, fats, and sometimes protein
Glucose
Main source of fuel ?
Glycose
Complex carbohydrate used to store energy in liver and muscle tissue
Glycogen
How many calories per gram?
Fat / carbohydrates / protein
Fat- 9g
Carb/protein - 4g
What is the YMCA- STEP TEST?
Perform 96 steps per minute, 12 inch step, for 3 minutes
What are the three HR Zones scores and % for the YMCA step tests?
Zone 1: 65-75% (Very poor / poor / below average)
Zone 2: 76-85% (Average / above average)
Zone 3: 86-95% (Excellent)
HR zones and for Rockport walk test?
Zone 1: poor or fair
Zone 2: average or good
Zone 3: very good
Whats the healthy BP?
less than 120/80 mm hg
What is the Durnin-wormsely formula?
The total of skin fold measurements to assess subcutaneous fat
For the waist-to-hip ratio; what ratio increases risk for a number of diseases??
Ratios greater than
Women; .80
Men; .95
The recruitment of core stabilizers by drawing the navel towards the spine (local stabilization)
Drawing-in-maneuver
What is bracing ? (Global movement)
Contracting of the abdominals, lower back and glutes to stabilize the trunk
