Neck Lumps & Lumps in general Flashcards
How to differentiate intradermal from subcutaneous lumps?
Intradermal lumps: the skin cannot be drawn over the lump.
Subcutaneous lumps: the lump can be manipulated independently from the skin
Give examples of intradermal lumps.
- Sebaceous cysts
- Abscess
- Granuloma
- Dermoid cysts
Give examples of subcutaneous lumps.
- Ganglion
- Neuroma
- Lymph nodes
- Lipoma
Where in the neck are thyroglossal cysts usually found at?
Midline, generally below the hyoid bone
What are lipomas?
Describe the lump.
Is it subcutaneous or intradermal?
Lipomas are benign fatty lumps that occurs wherever fats can expand.
They have a smooth, imprecise margin, and are slightly fluctuant.
It is a subcutaneous lump and not tethered to the skin.
How are thyroglossal cysts formed?
Thyroglossal cysts are formed from a persistent patent thyroglossal duct left over after the formation of the thyroid gland during developmental stages.
Where are branchial cysts commonly found at?
Branchial cysts are commonly found in the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid.
What is the cause of branchial cyst formation?
Branchial cysts are formed due to non-disappearance of the cervical sinus. It is a birth defect.
What is contained within a branchial cyst?
Fluid with cholesterol crystals.
What is a cystic hygroma? What is the cause?
Cystic hygroma is a collection of fluid filled sacs known as cysts. It results from a malformation of the lymphatic system.
Where can cystic hygromas be found?
Cystic hygroma can develop anywhere in the body.
When does cystic hygroma usually present and how are they diagnosed?
At what age are most cystic hygromas diagnosed by?
Cystic hygroma presents in infants, and are usually diagnosed during scans in pregnancy. Most are diagnosed by age 2.
What are dermoid cysts? Where does it occurs at?
Does it move with tongue protrusion?
Dermoid cysts are cysts formed along the lines of the embryological fusion. They are painless swellings that does not move with tongue protrusion.
Who are usually affected with dermoid cysts?
Children and young adults.
What is a laryngocoele?
A laryngocoele is a reducible tense mass that returns on sneezing or blowing the nose.
Where are masses formed by subclavian artery aneurysms found?
Where can masses formed by carotid artery aneurysms be found?
What is a characteristic finding of such masses?
Subclavian artery aneurysms can be found in the posterior triangle.
Carotid artery aneurysms can be found in the anterior triangle.
They are pulsatile masses.
Describe a lipoma. Where can they be found? Are lipoma intradermal or subcutaneous lumps?
Lipoma is a smooth painless mass found anywhere in the neck - anterior, posterior or midline.
It is an subcutaneous lump.
Where on the neck can pharyngeal pouches be found?
In the posterior triangle.
Which neck masses are reducible?
Laryngocoele, and pharyngeal pouches
