Neck lecture-Thyroid gland Flashcards
1
Q
What type of gland is?
A
Endocrine
2
Q
What is made of?
A
Two lobes connected by an isthmus
3
Q
What does it produce?
A
Calcitonin and thyroid
4
Q
What is calcitonin?
A
Used to lower calcium and increase phosphate
5
Q
Thyroglossal cyst
A
Dilation of thyroglossal duct remnant
It can become infected
6
Q
What needs to be done before the thyroglossal cyst is removed?
A
US to make sure there is viable thyroid tissue elsewhere
7
Q
Differential diagnosis of a thyroid mass?
A
- Single nodule
- Diffuse enlargement
- Multiple nodules
8
Q
What is. a Thyroidectomy?
A
Removal of the thyroid
9
Q
What are indications for a thyroidectomy?
A
- Malignancy
- Airway obstruction
- Thyrotoxicosis: XS thyroid hormone in body
- Cosmesis
- Retrosternal extension
10
Q
Complications of the thyroidectomy?
A
- Bleeding (primary/secondary)
- Voice hoarseness
- Thyroid storm- increase in HR, BP… related to XS thyroid hormone in the body
- Infection
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Scar (Keloid/ Hypertrophic
11
Q
Different types of thyroid masses
A
- Single nodule
- Diffuse enlargement
- Multiple nodules
12
Q
Different types of thyroid tumours and defining characters
A
- Papillary- metastasises to lymph nodes
- Follicular- spreads through blood
- Medullary -arises from parafollicular C cells
- Anaplastic - very aggressive, local spread, poor prognosis
