Control of swallowing and speech

Question 1

Swallowing stages

Answer 1

Oral:
-Bolus gets pushed to the back of the mouth by the tongue
-Reflex
Pharynx :
-Soft palate moves upwards and backwards
-Epiglottis covers larynx
-Respiration inhibited
-UOS relaxes
Oesophageal:
-UOS contracts
-Bolus is pushed down through peristaltic movements

Question 2

Which nerves are involved in the reflex swallow of the oral phase

Answer 2

Afferent: V, IX, X
Efferent: VII, X, XII

Question 3

Speech

Answer 3

Respiration: inspiration and expiration used as a source of energy
Phonation: Movement of air through vocal cords
Resonance:Balance of nasal and oral cavity
Articulation: Depends on movement of lips, tongue and jaw
Prososy: emphasis and syllable stress

Question 4

what does phonation depend on?

Answer 4

• Tension of VC
• Length of VC
• Vibration of VC
• Position of VC