Neck and oral cavity part 2 Flashcards
How many vertebrae support the neck
- 7 cervical vertebrae posteriorly
What is the mobile bone that is located in the neck
- Hyoid bone
What are the three layers of the deep fascia of the neck
- Pretracheal
- Prevertebral
- Investing
Why are the fascia important?
- Reduces the spread of infection
- Enables structures to move past each other in movement and swallowing etc
What does the carotid sheath contain?
- Common and internal carotid arteries
- Internal jugular vein
- Vagus nerve
- Some deep lymph nodes
- Carotid sinus nerve
What does the posterior fascia help with
- Movement
What does the anterior fascia help with
- Protection of blood vessels and other important structures
What divides the neck into the anterior and lateral compartments?
- Sternocleidomastoid
What are the triangular divisions of the anterior compartment of the neck
Into three paired triangles and one unpaired
- The unpaired submental triangle
- Paired submandibular
- Paired carotid and muscular triangles
What is the posterior compartment of the neck divided into
- Bound posteriorly by trapezius muscle
- Divided into two triangles by the presence of the posterior belly of omohyoid into - the large occipital triangle and the smaller omoclavicular triangle
What is the submandibular triangle bounded by
- Anterior and posterior bellies of diagastric
What does the submandibular triangle contain
- Submandibular gland
- Facial artery
- Facial vein
What is the submental triangle bounded by
Digastric
What does the submental triangle contain
lymph nodes
What is the muscular triangle bounded by
- Omohyoid
- Digastric
- Sternocleidomastoid
What does the muscular triangle contain
- Suprahyoid muscle
- Infrahyoid muscle
What is the carotid triangle bounded by
- Omohyoid
- Stylohyoid
- Digastric
- SCM
What does the carotid triangle contain
- Common carotid artery
- IJV
- Hypoglossal nerve
- Vagus nerve
- Accessory nerve
What are the suprahyoid muscles
- Mylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
- digastric
- stylohyoid
Innervation of the suprahyoid muscles
- Facial nerve for stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
- Mylohyoid by CNV
- Geniohyoid by CNXII
What are the infrahyoid muscles
- Omohyoid
- Sternohyoid
- Thyrohyoid
Innervation of infrahyoid muscles
- C1-C3 of ansa cervicalis
What are the contents of the posterior triangle
- Subclavian artery
- EJV
- Brachial plexus
- CN XI
- Cervical plexus
What is the occipital triangle bounded by
- SCM, trapezius and omohyoid
What is the supraclavicular triangle bounded by
- Clavicular head of SCM
- Clavicle
- Omohyoid
Where do the roots of the cervical plexus C1-C4 lie?
- Anterior to levator scapulae
What does the cervical plexus provide
- Cutaneous branches and deep motor branches(ansa cervicalis and phrenic nerve)
Where do the roots of the brachial plexus C5-T1 appear?
- Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles
What do the five rami C5-T1 unite to form?
- Five rami unite to form the three trunks of the brachial plexus
What does the brachial plexus innervate
- Supplies cutaneous and motor innervation to the upper limb
What are the major vessels that travel in the neck to supply the viscera, upper limb and head
- Brachiocephalic division
- Common carotid division
- Internal and external carotids
- External carotid divides into 6 branches to supply the neck and head
- Superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, maxillary, superificial temporal
- Subclavian arteries - inferior thyroid
- Internal carotid
Venous drainage of head and neck
- Internal jugular vein drains the brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles
- External jugular vein
- Anterior jugular vein
What is the type of innervation provided by cranial nerve XI
Type - motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
What is the type of innervation provided by CNVIII
- Sensory, special somatic afferent for hearing, equilibrium and motion
What does CNVIII divide into
- Vestibular
- Cochlear
