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Year 2 - Theme 2 > Neck and oral cavity > Flashcards

Neck and oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Location of the oral cavity

A
  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face
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2
Q

What are the arches of oral cavity

A
  • Palatoglossal arch

- Palatopharyngeal arch - uvula

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3
Q

What muscles form the floor of the cavity

A
  • Mylohyoid

- Geniohyoid

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4
Q

What divides the left and right sides of the tongue

A
  • Frenulum
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5
Q

What are the divisions of the tongue

A
  • Anterior two thirds(oral)
  • Posterior third(pharyngeal)

Demarked by a V shaped sulcus(terminal sulcus)

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6
Q

What covers the tongue and have taste buds on their surface

A
  • Fungiform papillae
  • Filiform papillae(have no taste buds)
  • Vallate papillae
  • Foliate papillae
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7
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A
  • Longitudinal

- Transverse and vertical

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8
Q

Purpose of intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing

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9
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A
  • Genioglossus
  • Hyoglossus
  • Styloglossus
  • Palatoglossus
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10
Q

Action of the genioglossus

A
  • Depresses and protrudes tongue
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11
Q

Action of the hyoglossus

A
  • Depresses tongue
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12
Q

Action of the styloglossus

A
  • Retracts tongue
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13
Q

Action of the palatoglossus

A
  • Elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
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14
Q

Arterial and venous supply of the tongue

A
  • Lingual arteries and lingual veins
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15
Q

What nerve is responsible for taste and general sensation from the pharyngeal part of the tongue?

A
  • Special afferent(taste) glossopharyngeal( CNIX)
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16
Q

What nerve is responsible for general sensory innervation from the anterior two-thirds or oral part of tongue

A
  • lingual nerve
  • Is a major branch of the mandibular(v3)
  • (chorda tympani VII also joins)
17
Q

What does the lingual nerve also innervate

A
  • General sensation from the mucosa on the floor of the oral cavity and gingiva associated with the lower teeth
  • The lingual nerve also carries parasympathetic and taste fibers from the oral part of the tongue that are part of the facial nerve[vii)
18
Q

What nerve is responsible for carrying taste from the oral part of the tongue into the CNS

A
  • Facial nerve(VII)
  • Special sensory fibers of the facial nerve leave the tongue and oral cavity as part of the lingual nerve
  • The fibers then enter the chorda tympani nerve, which is a branch of the facial nerve that joins the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa
19
Q

What is the one muscle of the tongue that is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve[XII]

A
  • Palatoglossus muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve
20
Q

Innervation for the parotid gland

A
  • CN IX to aid digestion
21
Q

Innervation of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

A
  • CNVII via submandibular ganglion
22
Q

What is the larynx

A
  • Specialised organ that provides a protective sphincter for the air passages and produces phonation
23
Q

What are the cartilages that make up the larynx

A
  • Thyroid
  • Cricoid
  • Arytenoid
  • Cuneiform
  • Corniculate
  • Epiglottis
24
Q

What are the two most important ligaments of the larynx

A
  • Vestibular

- Vocal

25
Q

Innervation of the larynx

A
  • Sensory and motor from the vagus via the superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch
26
Q

Blood supply of the larynx

A
  • Upper half by the superior thyroid artery

- Lower half by inferior thyroid artery

27
Q

What is the pharynx

A
  • Most posterior part of the neck, situated behind the nasal cavity and the larynx
  • It’s a funnel shaped tube
28
Q

What are the three sections of the pharynx

A
  • Nasopharynx
  • Laryngopharynx
  • Oropharynx
29
Q

What are the muscles of the pharynx?

A

Three constrictors

  • Superior
  • Middle
  • Inferior
30
Q

innervation of the pharynx

A
  • Motor via vagus, except stylopharyngeus - CN9

- Sensory via V2, CN9 and CN10

31
Q

Type of innervation provided by hypoglossal

A
  • Motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
32
Q

Type of innervation provided by ix

A

sensory(somatic), special sensory(taste), motor and visceral

33
Q

Type of innervation provided by X

A

Sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor and visceral motor

34
Q

Path of cranial nerve X

A

Rootlets from medulla, through jugular foramen continues in carotid sheath, branches into head and thorax

35
Q

sensory innervation by x

A

from larynx, dura mater

36
Q

taste innervation by x

A

epiglottis and pharynx

37
Q

visceral sensory by x

A

aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut and foregut

38
Q

motor innervation by x

A

Palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx

39
Q

visceral motor innervation by x

A
  • As part of parasympathetic to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut

Year 2 - Theme 2 (14 decks)

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