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Year 2 - Theme 2 > Autonomic nervous system part 2 > Flashcards

Autonomic nervous system part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stellate ganglion

A
  • Fused inferior cervical ganglion and T1 ganglion
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2
Q

Path of postganglionic fibres from the cervical ganglia to supply upper limbs

A
  • Exit via grey rami communicans to spinal nerves
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3
Q

Path of postganglionic fibres from the cervical ganglia to supply the heart

A
  • Follows path of common carotid artery
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4
Q

Path of postganglionic fibres from the cervical ganglia to supply the eye and lacrimal gland

A
  • Fibres go up to join the internal carotid plexus

- Same path as internal/external carotid artery to head

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5
Q

Path of postganglionic fibres from the cervical ganglia to supply the submandibular and parotid glands

A
  • Fibres join external carotid plexus to inhibit secretions of submandibular and parotid glands
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6
Q

What is horner’s syndrome

A
  • Disruption of the sympathetic supply to head
  • Any part of pathway - hypothalamus to preganglionic neurons
  • Pupil
  • Eyelid
  • Skin of face
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7
Q

What is miosis

A
  • Excessive constriction of the pupil
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8
Q

What is ptosis

A
  • Falling or drooping of the upper eyelid
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9
Q

What is anhydrosis

A
  • Lack of sweating
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10
Q

Exit of postganglionic fibres exit from thoracic sympathetic ganglia to supply heart and lungs

A
  • Grey rami communicans to spinal nerves

- Medial branches to heart and lungs (cardiac plexus)

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11
Q

Path of preganglionic fibres exit via thoracic splanchnic nerves to abdomen

A
  • Preganglionic fibres exit via thoracic splanchnic nerves to abdomen
  • Greater, lesser and least to prevertebral ganglia
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12
Q

How many lumbar sympathetic trunk ganglia are there

A
  • 4
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13
Q

Path of the postganglionic fibres exit from lumbar sympathetic ganglia

A
  • Grey rami communicans to spinal nerves
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14
Q

Path of the preganglionic fibres exit from lumbar sympathetic ganglia

A
  • Lumbar splanchnic nerves to pelvis

- Synapse to prevertebral ganglia

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15
Q

How many sacral sympathetic trunk ganglia are there

A
  • 4
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16
Q

Path of postganglionic fibres exit from sacral sympathetic trunk ganglia

A
  • Postganglionic fibres exit via
    1) grey rami communicans to spinal nerves(lower limb)

2) Sacral splanchnic nerves to pelvic organs (other sympathetic splanchnic nerves mainly contain preganglionic fibres)

17
Q

Effect of parasymp system on cardiac system

A
  • Decreases pacemaker activity and contractile force
18
Q

Effect of parasymp system on bronchi of lungs

A
  • Bronchoconstriction
19
Q

Effect of parasymp system on sweat glands, hair follicles and blood vessels

A
  • none

- Except male erectile tissue/salivary glands - vasodilation, normal vasculature does not have parasymp supply

20
Q

Effect of parasymp system on abdomino-pelvic viscera

A
  • Stimulates peristalsis + gastric secretions
21
Q

Effect of parasymp system on eye

A
  • Constricts pupils
22
Q

Effect of parasymp system on salivary and lacrimal glands

A
  • Increases secretions
23
Q

Where are parasympathetic preganglionic fibres

A
  • Brainstem

- Grey matter spinal cord(part that forms S2-S4 spinal nerves)

24
Q

Location of CNIII preganglionic neuronal cell bodies

A
  • Edinger-westphal nucleus

- in the midbrain

25
Q

Location of CNVII preganglionic neuronal cell bodies

A
  • Superior salivatory nucleus

- In the pons

26
Q

Location of CNIX preganglionic neuronal cell bodies

A
  • Inferior salivatory nucleus

- In the pons

27
Q

Location of CNX preganglionic neuronal cell bodies

A
  • In the nucleus ambiguous, dorsal motor nucleus

- In the medulla

28
Q

Where does CNIII synapse and how does it control sphincter pupillae

A
  • Ciliary ganglion

- Sphincter pupillae(pupil) constriction

29
Q

Where does CNVII synapse and how does it control lacrimal and submandibular glands

A
  • Pterygopalatine ganglion(lacrimal)
  • Submandibular ganglion
  • Causes lacrimal gland to secrete tears
  • Causes submandibular gland to secrete watery saliva
30
Q

Where does CNIX synapse and how does it control parotid gland

A
  • Otic ganglion

- Causes parotid gland to produce watery saliva

31
Q

Where does the vagus nerve pass to

A
  • Heart, lungs and abdominal viscera

- Exits via jugular foramen

32
Q

Path of preganglionic parasymp sacral fibres

A
  • From sacral spinal cord
  • Preganglionic fibres exit via pelvic splanchnic nerves to pelvic organs
  • Form pelvic plexus over viscera
  • Preganglionic fibres synapse in walls of target organs
  • From s2-s4
33
Q

Effect of sacral parasymp function on bladder

A

urination

  • Contraction of bladder wall
  • Inhibition of bladder sphincter
34
Q

Effect of sacral parasymp function on rectum

A

Defecation

- Inhibition of rectal sphincter

35
Q

Effect of sacral parasymp function on sexual function

A
  • Vasodilation in erectile tissues

Year 2 - Theme 2 (14 decks)

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