Neck Anatomy Q6 Flashcards
Where is the platysma muscle located?
Within the superficial cervical fascia. This is the outer layer of skin mainly fat.
ID fascia layers:
Red= Investing fascia
Purple= Muscular pretracheal faschia (covers Infrahyoid m.)
Blue= Visceral pretracheal fascia (covers thyroid)
Green= Buccopharyngeal fascia
Orange= Prevertebral fascia (covers deep cervical, levator scapulae, ant. middle and posterior scalene, and longus coli muscles)
ID area and why it is so critical.
Green= Retropharyngeal spce
Purple= Alar space
Red= Alar fascia
Yellow= Sympathetic trunk.
Critical because infection can enter spaces via oral cavity it can then spread to mediastinum.
ID structures:
Brown= carotid sheath
Blue= Internal jugular vein
Red= Common carotid artery
Yellow= Vagus n.
ID nerves:
Note, greater auricular, transverse cervical and supraclavicular are cutaneous.
Where is the carotid sinus and body found? What are their functions? Which nerve are they connected to?
Found at the bifurcation of internal and external carotid arteries. Carotid sinus resposible for baroreceptors. Carotid body is chemoreceptors such as O2, CO2, pH, and temp regulation. Connected to cranial nerver IX.
ID blood vessels of ECA:
What does the superior thyroid artery supply blood to?
Ant. strap muscles, thyroid cartilage, larynx, thyroid gland, sternocleidomastoid.
What does the asc. pharyngeal artery supply blood to?
Pharyngeal muscles, inner tympanic region, posterior meningeal artery.
What does the lingual artery supply blood to?
Oral cavity and floor, tongue, epiglottis, sublingual glands.
What does the facial artery supply blood to?
Superior facial muscles, infraorbital, superior and inferior labial, inferior alveolar, submental.
What does that occipital artery supply blood to?
Suboccipital muscles, dorsal muscles, skin and scalp.
What does the posterior auricular artery supply blood to?
Most inner/middle ear and posterolateral scalp.
ID branches of internal jugular vein:
Note, joins with subclavian to form brachiocephaic vein.
ID vessels of external jugular vein:
Note, joins into subclavian vein.
What are the two anastamoses of the face and where do they drain to?
Retromandibular vein allows blood to flow through external or internal jugular vein. Pterygoid plexus allows blood to drain into cavernous sinus.
Sternocleidomastoid muscle is innervated by what?
CN XI
What innervated the digastric muscle?
Anterior belly is CN V (3) and posterior belly is CN VII
What innervates the stylohyoid muscle?
Facial nerve CN VII
What innervates the mylohyoid muscle?
CN V (3)
What innervates the infrahyoid muscles?
ansa cervicalis.
Where does the anterior plexus emmerge from on the scalene muscle?
Between anterior and middle branches.
What are the borders of the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck?
SCM borders posterior of anterior border and trapezius boarders posterior line of posterior triangle.
What triangle does the external jugular vein and cervical plexus emerge from?
Posterior triangle.
What makes up the roof and floor of the posterior triangle?
Roof is deep investing fascia, floor is prevertebral fascia.
ID triangle and strutures found here:
Name the three other muscles in posterior triangle.
Interscalene triangle. Anterior scalene m. Brachial plexus. Middle scalene m
Slpenius capitis m, Lev. scap. m., and posterior scalene muscle. NOTE part of occipital triangle.
What are the arteries of the posterior triangle? Where does it branch off?
Thyrocervical trunk which divides into suprascapular artery and transver. cerv. artery. The thyrocervical trunk branches off of the subclavian artery.
What are the 4 “sub” triangles of the anterior triangle?
Muscular, submental, submandibular, carotid.
What are the borders of the muscular triangle?
Superior belly of omohyoid, midline and SCM.
What are the borders of the submental triangle?
Anterior digastric on either side and hyoid bone.
What are the borders of the submandibular triangle?
What 4 important structures are located here?
Anterior digastric, posterior digatric, and mandible.
Submandibular gland, submandibular lymph nodes, lingual and facial arteries, and hypoglossal nerve CN XII
What are the borders of the carotid triangle?
What are some important structures found here?
Superior omohyoid, posterior digastric, and SCM.
Common, external, and internal arteries, internal jugular vein, CN IX, X, XI, XII, and some cervical plexus.
What is in the visceral triangle?
Thyroid/parathyroid, trachea, esophagus.
What arteryies serve the thyroid gland?
What is it innervated by?
Superior and inferior thyroid arteries. Inferior is branch of thyrocervical trunk.
Superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve
What is the first branch off the subclavian artery?
Vertegral artery that runs through transverse foramina.
Where does the thoracic duct drain?
Into the brachiocphalic vein
