Neck Flashcards
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Reinforces posterior discs, limits flexion
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Reinforces anterior discs, limits extension
Ligamentum Nuchae = supra spinous ligament
Thicker than in thoracic/lumbar regions, limits flexion
Interspinous/ intertransverse ligaments
Limit flexion and rotation also limits lateral flexion
Ligamentum flavum
Attach to lamina of one vertebrae to another, reinforces articular facets
Limits flexion and rotation
Platysma
O: fascia covering the pectoralis major and deltoid
I: mandible, some fibers blend with muscles about the angle and lower part of the mouth
Fx: wrinkling of the surface of the skin of the neck, anterior portion depresses the lower jaw, also brings down the angle of the mouth
nn: cervical branch of the Facial Nerve
Thyrohyoid
O: thyroid cartilage
I: inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid
Fx: depresses hyoid & elevates larynx
nn: hypoglossal nerve
Sternlcleidomastoid
O: upper part of the anterior surface of the manubrium; superior border and anterior surface of the medial third of clavicle
I: Lateral surface of the mastoid process
Fx: rotate head to opposite side, flexes neck, acting together - flexes neck and extends head
nn: accessory nn.
Sternothyroid
O: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
I: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Fx: depresses hyoid and larynx
nn: brach of ansa cervicalis C2-C3
Sternohyoid
O: manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
I: body of hyoid
Fx: depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing
nn: branch of ansa cervicalis C1-C3
Suprahyoid muscles
Stylohyoid
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Infrahyoid muscles
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
O: superior border of scapula
I: inferior border or hyoid
Fx: depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid
nn: branch of ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Stylohyoid
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: body of hyoid
Fx: elevates and retracts hyoid
nn: stylohyoid branch of facial nn.
Digastric
O: anterior belly: Digastric fossa of mandible
Posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone
I: intermediate tendon to body and horn or hyoid
Fx: depresses mandible against resistance, elevates/steadies hyoid during swallowing
nn: Digastric branch of facial nerve
Mylohyoid
O: mandible
I: mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid
Fx: elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during swallowing and speaking
nn:
Geniohyoid
O: inferior mental spine of mandible
I: body of hyoid
Fx: pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly, shortens floor of mouth, widens pharynx
nn: hypoglossal nn. C1
Rectus Capitis Posterior major
O: spinous processes of vertebra C2 (spine of axis)
I: 1/2 lateral part of inferior nuchal line
Fx:
nn: posterior rami of C1(suboccipital nn.)
Rectus capitis posterior minor
O: posterior tubercle of posterior arch of vertebra C1
I: medial 1/2 of inferior nuchal line
Fx:
nn: subocciptal nn.
Obliques capitis inferior
O: spine of C2
I: transverse processes of C1
Fx:
nn: suboccipital nn.
Obliquus capitis superior
O: transverse processes of C1
I: occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines
Fx:
nn: suboccipital nn.
Longus colli
O: anterior tubercle of C1, bodies of C1-C3, transverse processes of C3-C6
I: bodies of C5-T3, transverse processes of C3-C5
Fx: flexes neck, rotation to opposite side if acting unilaterally
nn: anterior rami C1-C3
Longus capitis
O: occipital bone
I: Transverse processes of C3-C6
Fx: flexes head
nn: anterior rami C1-C3
Rectus capitis anterior
O: base of cranium
I: C1
Fx: flexes head
nn: C1-C2 spinal nn.
